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38,696 grants matching “als”
Building a Diverse Biomedical Workforce Through Communication Across Difference
$289,543Carrie A. Cameron · University Of Tx Md Anderson Can Ctr · U01 · FY2019 · GM
ACUTE SPACE RADIATION HAZARDS POSE ONE OF THE MOST SERIOUS RISKS TO FUTURE HUMAN AND ROBOTIC EXPLORATION. LARGE SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS (SEP EVENTS OR SOLAR PROTON EVENTS SPES) ARE DANGEROUS TO ASTRONAUTS AND EQUIPMENT. TO MITIGATE THE HAZARD THEY POSE WE MUST DEVELOP THE ABILITY TO PREDICT WHEN AND WHERE THEY WILL OCCUR AND PROVIDE ADEQUATE SHIELDING AGAINST THEM. C-SWEPA COMBINES TWO SUCCESSFUL LWS STRATEGIC CAPABILITIES TO PRODUCE A SYNTHESIS WITH TRANSFORMATIONAL POTENTIAL ON MANY FRONTS. C-SWEPA INTEGRATES THE EARTH-MOON-MARS RADIATION ENVIRONMENT MODULES [EMMREM SCHWADRON ET AL. 2010] DESCRIBING ENERGETIC PARTICLES AND THEIR EFFECTS WITH CORONA-HELIOSPHERE (CORHEL) DEVELOPED BY THE PREDICTIVE SCIENCE INC. (PSI) GROUP. OUR GOAL IS TO DEVELOP A COUPLED MODEL THAT DESCRIBES THE CONDITIONS OF THE CORONA SOLAR WIND CMES SHOCKS PARTICLE ACCELERATION AND PROPAGATION VIA PHYSICS-BASED MODULES. ASSESSING THE THREAT OF SPES IS A DIFFICULT PROBLEM. THE LARGEST SPES TYPICALLY ARISE IN CONJUNCTION WITH X-CLASS FLARES AND VERY FAST (>1000 KM/S) CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS (CMES). THESE EVENTS ARE USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLEX SUNSPOT GROUPS (ALSO KNOWN AS ACTIVE REGIONS) THAT HARBOR STRONG STRESSED MAGNETIC FIELDS. HIGHLY ENERGETIC PROTONS GENERATED IN THESE EVENTS TRAVEL NEAR THE SPEED OF LIGHT AND CAN ARRIVE AT EARTH MINUTES AFTER THE ERUPTIVE EVENT. THE GENERATION OF THESE PARTICLES IS IN TURN BELIEVED TO BE PRIMARILY ASSOCIATED WITH THE SHOCK WAVE FORMED VERY LOW IN THE CORONA BY THE PASSAGE OF THE CME (INJECTION OF PARTICLES FROM THE FLARE SITE MAY ALSO PLAY A ROLE). WHETHER THESE PARTICLES ACTUALLY REACH EARTH (OR ANY OTHER POINT) IS GOVERNED BY WHETHER THE SHOCK IS MAGNETICALLY CONNECTED TO THE LOCATION OF INTEREST WHICH DEPENDS ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD AND LOCAL SHOCK PROPERTIES. THREAT ASSESSMENT FACES MANY CHALLENGES. THE FAST ARRIVAL TIME OF THE MOST DANGEROUS PARTICLES MEANS THAT A USEFUL PREDICTION MUST BE CARRIED OUT PRIOR TO THE ACTUAL FLARE/CME EVENT. MANY FAST CMES DO NOT PRODUCE SIGNIFICANT RADIATION STORMS EITHER BECAUSE FEW ENERGETIC PARTICLES ARE GENERATED OR BECAUSE THEY MISS EARTH. TO PREDICT ENERGETIC PARTICLE GENERATION BY A CME AND ASSOCIATED SHOCK A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AMBIENT CONDITIONS (E.G. ALFV N SPEED) IS NECESSARY AND THE SHOCK PROPAGATION FROM THE LOW CORONA MUST BE MODELED. AN ACCELERATION AND PROPAGATION MODEL FOR THE ENERGETIC PARTICLES IS NECESSARY TO ESTIMATE PARTICLE FLUXES. FINALLY A RADIATION TRANSPORT MODEL IS REQUIRED TO ESTIMATE RADIATION DOSE-RELATED QUANTITIES. C-SWEPA S CENTRAL OBJECTIVE IS TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE A NUMERICAL FRAMEWORK OF PHYSICS-BASED MODULES TO COUPLE THE LOW CORONA CMES SHOCKS SOLAR WIND AND ENERGETIC PARTICLE ACCELERATION. USING PRE-EXISTING EMMREM MODULES WE CHARACTERIZE TIMEDEPENDENT RADIATION EXPOSURE IN INTERPLANETARY SPACE ENVIRONMENTS. SIMULATED OBSERVERS PROVIDE SYNTHETIC PROBES SPECIFYING SOLAR WIND CONDITIONS ENERGETIC PARTICLE FLUXES AND MHD FLUCTUATIONS. MODEL RESULTS ARE USED IN VALIDATION STUDIES THROUGH COMPARISONS WITH WIDELY DISTRIBUTED OBSERVATIONS IN THIS 1-YEAR EXTENSION OF THE C-SWEPA PROJECT WE PROPOSE TO: (1) ENHANCE THE ROBUSTNESS OF THE C-SWEPA MODULE SUBMITTED TO THE CCMC FOR PROPAGATION OF COUPLED EVENTS USING PSI S MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC ALGORITHM OUTSIDE A SPHERE (MAS) (A COMPONENT OF CORHEL) COUPLED TO THE ENERGETIC PARTICLE RADIATION ENVIRONMENT MODULE (EPREM A COMPONENT OF EMMREM). THIS REPRESENTS A SIGNIFICANT ADVANCE OVER THE CURRENT CAPABILITY WHICH MODELS EVENTS THROUGH THE LOW CORONA AND INNER HELIOSPHERE. (2) EXPLORE THE NEXT STEPS NECESSARY FOR MAJOR ADVANCEMENTS ON THE SEP PREDICTION PROBLEM WITH A FOCUS ON IMPROVED SCIENCE UNDERSTANDING THROUGH OBSERVATIONAL VALIDATION OF EVENTS MODELED WITH CSWEPA. DATA SETS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS VALIDATION WORK WILL ALSO BE DELIVERED TO THE CCMC.
$289,500University System Of New Hampshire · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Axon Regenration: Synergistic Actions of the MAPK and Cyclic AMP Pathways
$289,491Damien D Pearse · University Of Miami School Of Medicine · R01 · FY2007 · NS
Role of TLR4 in colitis-associated neoplasia
$289,474Maria Teresa Abreu · University Of Miami School Of Medicine · R01 · FY2013 · CA
THE TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC FRESH POOL (EPFP) IS CHARACTERIZED BY SOME OF THE HIGHEST PRECIPITATION RATES AND THE LOWEST SEA SURFACE SALINITIES FOUND IN THE OPEN OCEAN; IT ALSO HAS ONE OF THE STRONGEST ANNUAL CYCLES OF SEA SURFACE SALINITY. THE WEALTH OF NEW SALINITY DATA FROM THE AQUARIUS SMOS AND SMAP SATELLITE INSTRUMENTS HAS PROVIDED NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE REGIONAL DYNAMICS AFFECTING SEA SURFACE SALINITY IN THE EPFP. RECENT STUDIES ENABLED BY SATELLITE SALINITY MEASUREMENTS HAVE YIELDED HYPOTHESES ABOUT HOW PRECIPITATION EVAPORATION AND OCEAN DYNAMICS WORK TOGETHER TO DRIVE VARIABILITY IN SSS AT DIFFERENT TIMES AND LOCATIONS IN AND AROUND THE EPFP. THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO TEST AND IMPROVE UPON THESE PREVIOUS SATELLITE-DRIVEN HYPOTHESES WITH FIELD OBSERVATIONS COLLECTED DURING SPURS-2. ONE OF THE IMPORTANT HYPOTHESES POSED PRIOR TO SPURS-2 IS THAT NORTHWARD EKMAN TRANSPORT ASSOCIATED WITH THE WESTWARD TRADE WINDS IS PERSISTENTLY PUSHING THE FRESHWATER DEPOSITED UNDER THE (NORTHERN HEMISPHERE) ITCZ NORTHWARD. THUS WHEN THE ITCZ IS MOVING NORTHWARD IN SPRING THE LOW SSS REGION AND THE ITCZ PRECIPITATION MOVE NORTHWARD TOGETHER BUT WHEN THE ITCZ PRECIPITATION IS MOVING SOUTHWARD IN THE FALL THE LOW SSS MOVES NORTHWARD DESPITE THE FACT THAT THE ITCZ AND ITS PERSISTENT HIGH PRECIPITATION RATES ARE MOVING SOUTHWARD (YU 2015). THIS HYPOTHESIS IS BASED PARTLY ON A ZONALLY-AVERAGED ANALYSIS A PERSPECTIVE THAT NEGLECTS ZONAL GRADIENTS AND ZONAL ADVECTION. A COMPLICATING FACTOR IN THE NORTHEAST TROPICAL PACIFIC IS THAT THERE IS AN APPRECIABLE ZONAL GRADIENT ASSOCIATED WITH THE EPFP AND THERE ARE INTENSE ZONAL CURRENTS (THE NORTH EQUATORIAL COUNTER CURRENT AND NORTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT). THE SEASONAL CYCLES OF THESE CURRENTS ARE COMPLICATED; GUIMBARD ET AL. (2017) HYPOTHESIZE THAT THEY ARE A CONTROLLING FACTOR IN THE SEASONAL CYCLE OF THE EPFP. THE LOCAL SURFACE-LAYER SALINITY BUDGET AT THE SPURS-2 MOORING SITE CAN PROVIDE IMPORTANT INSIGHTS INTO THE REGIONAL DYNAMICS OF THE EPFP AT A SITE NEAR THE MEAN LOCATION OF ITS WESTWARD EDGE. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF SATELLITE AND IN SITU DATA AT THE SPURS-2 CENTRAL MOORING SITE (10 N 125 W) SUGGESTS THAT BOTH OF THE ABOVE HYPOTHESIZED MECHANISMS ARE IMPORTANT BUT THAT IN ADDITION TO LOCAL FRESHWATER FLUXES VERTICAL MIXING ACROSS THE VERY STRONG AND SHALLOW MAIN PYCNOCLINE AND HALOCLINE MAY BE AN EQUALLY IMPORTANT FACTOR. WE WILL DRAW ON ALL OF THE AVAILABLE SPURS-2 DATA AND MODELLING ACTIVITIES TO ADDRESS THE QUESTION WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL PROCESSES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE LOCATION MAGNITUDE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE LOW SURFACE SALINITY REGION IN THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC OCEAN? THE ANALYSIS WILL ALSO INVOLVE COMPARISON OF THE REGIONAL SSS DYNAMICS IN THE SPURS-1 AND SPURS-2 EXPERIMENTS. MOST OF THE WORK WILL BE DONE BY A POSTDOCTORAL INVESTIGATOR WHO WILL BE JOINTLY MENTORED BY THE CO-IS. ANOTHER IMPORTANT OBJECTIVE IS TO SHEPHERD FINAL QUALITY-CONTROLLED DATA INTO A PERMANENT NASA ARCHIVE (PO.DAAC).
$289,444Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Overcoming chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer
$289,442Ozgur Sahin · Medical University Of South Carolina · R01 · FY2022 · CA
Signaling pathways of HIPK2 in neuronal apoptosis
$289,433Eric J Huang · Northern California Institute/Res/Edu · R01 · FY2008 · NS
Signaling pathways of HIPK2 in neuronal apoptosis
$289,433Eric J Huang · Northern California Institute/Res/Edu · R01 · FY2007 · NS
Signaling pathways of HIPK2 in neuronal apoptosis
$289,433Eric J Huang · Northern California Institute/Res/Edu · R01 · FY2009 · NS
Structural Basis of Proton Transfer Pathways
$289,354University Of Chicago · R01 · FY2005 · GM
Neuroplasticity with alcohol dependence
$289,296Scott C Steffensen · Brigham Young University · R01 · FY2014 · AA
Pont-of-use Acute HIV Infection Diagnostic for Substance Using Populations
$289,274Jacqueline Linnes · Purdue University · DP2 · FY2023 · DA
Androgen targets in a simple behavioral system.
$289,260Cynthia L Jordan · Michigan State University · R01 · FY2008 · NS
Carbon Cycle Variations during the Last Glacial Period Based on Atmospheric Delta 14C
$289,223Warren Beck · University Of Arizona · · FY2002 · GEO
Mechanistic studies of the GYKI Compounds
$289,210Li Niu · State University Of New York At Albany · R01 · FY2011 · NS
Mechanistic studies of the GYKI Compounds
$289,210Li Niu · State University Of New York At Albany · R01 · FY2012 · NS
Project 5 The causal role of neocortical beta events in human sensory perception
$289,182Stephanie Ruggiano Jones · Brown University · P20 · FY2019 · GM
Project 5 The causal role of neocortical beta events in human sensory perception
$289,182Stephanie Ruggiano Jones · Brown University · P20 · FY2020 · GM
Project 5 The causal role of neocortical beta events in human sensory perception
$289,181Stephanie Ruggiano Jones · Brown University · P20 · FY2018 · GM
The Role of HuR in mutant SOD1 dysregulation of VEGF mRNA Processing
$289,168Peter H King · University Of Alabama At Birmingham · R01 · FY2011 · NS
Research Project 3
$289,122John S. Luque · Florida Agricultural And Mechanical Univ · U54 · FY2021 · MD
MOUSE MINUTES: A GENETIC STUDY OF RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS
$289,116Thomas M Glaser · University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor · R01 · FY2007 · GM
Mechanisms and Functions of Subcellular Motility
$289,094William M Saxton · University Of California Santa Cruz · R01 · FY2008 · GM
Function and Pathogenic Mechanism of VAPB in ALS and Other Motor Neuron Diseases
$289,086Huaibin Cai · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2011 · AG
Hippocampal neurogenesis, pattern separation & age-related cognitive impairments.
$289,067Rene Hen · Columbia University Health Sciences · R01 · FY2017 · AG