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38,696 grants matching “als”
Role of Tau Cleavage in Tauopathy
$361,150Karen H Ashe · University Of Minnesota · R01 · FY2015 · NS
OBJECTIVE: THIS PROJECT WILL CONNECT NASA PMM OUTPUTS (SPECIFICALLY AN ENHANCED IMERG DATASET) WITH AGMIP CROP MODELS TO SERVE THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE FOOD SECURITY EARLY WARNING COMMUNITY AND THE FEWS NET LAND DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM (FLDAS). DESCRIPTION: THIS PROPOSAL WILL ADDRESS SECTION 2.3 OF THE CALL - "METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR IMPROVED APPLICATION OF SATELLITE DATA PRODUCTS". SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES INCLUDE: I) DOWNSCALING OF SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATES (IMERG) TO AGRO-METEOROLOGICAL SCALES II) IMPROVED RAINFED AGRICULTURAL MODELING AND III) THE INCREASED USE OF SATELLITE PRECIPITATION DATA IN AGRICULTURE FOOD SECURITY AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION APPLICATIONS. OVERVIEW: THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT WOULD BE TO ENHANCE GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOKS FOR RAIN-FED GROWING REGIONS ESPECIALLY IN DATA SPARSE REGIONS WHERE SATELLITE PRODUCTS PROVIDE A CRITICAL LINE OF DEFENSE AGAINST CLIMATIC SHOCKS. THE GOAL WOULD BE TO COMBINE STATIONENHANCED DOWNSCALED 0.05 IMERG PRECIPITATION WITH CROP MODELING SIMULATIONS PRODUCING A SYSTEM SUITABLE FOR MONITORING AND ESTIMATING AGRICULTURAL YIELDS ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD. ANTICIPATED END USERS WILL BE THE USAID FEWS NET SERVIR PROGRAM THE NASA FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE CONSORTIUM THE USDA FOREIGN AGRICULTURE SERVICE AND GEOGLAM. NEW RESEARCH: THE PROPOSAL WILL SEEK SUPPORT FOR TWO COMPONENTS: 1) THE EXPLORATION DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENHANCED IMERG DOWNSCALING/STATION BLENDING PROCEDURES AND 2) THE EXPLORATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL YIELD ESTIMATION SYSTEMS. COMPONENT 1 WILL DEVELOP DOWNSCALED IMERG FIELDS - 'AGMERG' BASED ON CONDITIONALLY BIAS CORRECTED IMERG DATA AND IN SITU OBSERVATIONS. TWO AGMERG PRODUCTS WILL BE DEVELOPED: (I) A ~24 HOUR LATENCY BIAS CORRECTED PRODUCT ENHANCED WITH GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM (GTS) AND OTHER AUTOMATIC STATION DATA ARCHIVES AND (II) A ~45 DAY LATENCY PRODUCT ENHANCED WITH THE FULL CLIMATE HAZARDS GROUP (CHG.UCSB.EDU) STATION ARCHIVE. THE LATTER WILL INCORPORATE A LARGE NUMBER OF MONTHLY STATION OBSERVATIONS (SIMILAR TO THOSE PROVIDED BY THE GPCC) WHICH ARE CURATED AUTOMATICALLY AND VISUALLY BY THE CHG. THIS COMPONENT WILL EXAMINE THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH QUESTIONS: 1) CAN IMPROVED POST HOC CLIMATOLOGICAL CALIBRATION IMPROVE IMERG LATE PRODUCT PERFORMANCE? 2) DO IMERG LATE PRODUCTS OVERESTIMATE LOW PRECIPITATION RATES AND UNDERESTIMATE HIGH RAIN RATES? 3) DOES THIS RESULT IN DAMPED PRECIPITATION VARIANCE? CAN THIS BE CORRECTED? 4) CAN STATION ENHANCEMENT IMPROVE THE LATE IMERG PRODUCT? AND 5) CAN IMPROVEMENTS BE MADE TO THE CHG INTERPOLATION PROCESS? COMPONENT 2 WILL DEVELOP A SYSTEM TO PREDICT YIELDS IN RAINFED AREAS IN SELECTED FOOD INSECURE COUNTRIES USING AND EVALUATING THREE SEPARATE APPROACHES TO YIELD ESTIMATION: STATISTICAL MODELS CROP WATER REQUIREMENT SATISFACTION INDICES AND A PROCESS-BASED CROP MODEL (DSSAT). VALIDATION DATA SETS WILL BE PROVIDED BY FEWS NET. THE PROJECT EFFORTS WILL BENEFIT FROM AND BENEFIT THE WELL-DEVELOPED AGRICULTURAL MODELING INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT (AGMIP WWW.AGMIP.ORG). THE CHG WILL WORK WITH AGMIP LEADERSHIP TO PACKAGE AGMERG FOR EASY INGEST BY THE AGMIP COMMUNITY. DRS. RUANE AND MUTTER WILL PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO THE CHG IN THE USE OF THE DSSAT MODEL (JONES ET AL. 2003). BY LEVERAGING AGMIP'S INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES TO ADDRESS FOOD INSECURITY THIS MODEST PROJECT SHOULD BE ABLE TO SUBSTANTIALLY ADVANCE THE GOALS OF OUR END USER INSTITUTIONS MANY REPRESENTED HERE BY COLLABORATORS THEREBY EXPANDING THE PMM USER COMMUNITY IN A CRITICAL BUT RELATIVELY UNDERSERVED CONSTITUENCY: AGRICULTURE. THIS COMPONENT WILL ADDRESS TWO RESEARCH QUESTIONS: 1) CAN IMERG DATA BE USED TO IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL EARLY WARNING? AND 2) WHAT ARE THE RELATIVE MERITS OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES AND COMPLEXITIES?
$361,143University Of California, Santa Barbara · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Age Related Eye Disease Study 2 - Follow-on Study
$361,128Traci E Clemons · The Emmes Company, Llc · N01 · FY2015 · EY
An Interneuron-based Cell Therapy for Epilepsy
$361,107Scott Charles Baraban · University Of California, San Francisco · R01 · FY2013 · NS
Biologically important modes of polypeptide assembly
$361,100Samuel H. Gellman · University Of Wisconsin-Madison · R01 · FY2020 · GM
Voltage-Gated Proton Channels in Human Neutrophils
$361,076Thomas E Decoursey · Rush University Medical Center · R01 · FY2008 · HL
Synaptic regulation of dorsal horn projection neurons
$361,073Columbia University Health Sciences · R01 · FY2005 · NS
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Technology-Based Behavioral Interventions
$361,023James M. Henson · Old Dominion University · R01 · FY2018 · AA
Allosteric Regulation of Myocardial Contraction
$360,970John M. Robinson · South Dakota State University · R01 · FY2011 · HL
Research Training in Child Psychiatry
$360,949Columbia University Health Sciences · T32 · FY2005 · MH
Glial Cell Regulation of Circadian Behavior
$360,938F. Rob Jackson · Tufts University Boston · R01 · FY2010 · NS
Training Therapists to Administer Contingency Management
$360,925University Of Connecticut Sch Of Med/Dnt · R01 · FY2003 · DA
Gene Networks in Peri-pubertal Sertoli Cell Injury
$360,920Mary L Hixon · Brown University · R01 · FY2010 · ES
Synapse formation in the C.elegnas nervous system
$360,874Christopher G Rongo · Rutgers, The State Univ Of N.J. · R56 · FY2007 · NS
Humoral Immunity to vaccinia virus
$360,849La Jolla Inst For Allergy &Immunolgy · R01 · FY2005 · AI
Single-Molecule Imaging of Biological Trauma:Cytokine-Based Intracellular Communication
$360,845Markita Landry · University Of California Berkeley · R35 · FY2022 · GM
Superoxide Dismutase Structures and Lou Gehrigs Disease
$360,810John A Tainer · Scripps Research Institute, The · R01 · FY2010 · GM
MnSOD-K68-Ac reprograms a lineage plasticity switch / stemness in ER+ breast malignancies
$360,799David Gius · University Of Texas Hlth Science Center · R01 · FY2023 · CA
MnSOD-K68-Ac reprograms a lineage plasticity switch / stemness in ER+ breast malignancies
$360,799David Gius · University Of Texas Hlth Science Center · R01 · FY2022 · CA
Regulation of Subcellular Organization in Skeletal Muscle
$360,769Evelyn Ralston · National Institute Of Arthritis And Musculoskeletal And Skin Diseases · ZIA · FY2014 · AR
Characterization and Treatment of the Scarred Vocal Fold
$360,761Diane M Bless · University Of Wisconsin-Madison · R01 · FY2006 · DC
THOUGH THOUSANDS OF EXOPLANETS HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED ONLY A FEW OF THE MOST MASSIVE EITHER AT VERY CLOSE OR VERY WIDE SEPARATIONS ARE AMENABLE TO SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION. THE REST ARE OBSERVED ONLY THROUGH THEIR EFFECTS ON THEIR HOST STARS: THEIR ORBITS MASSES AND/OR RADII ARE ALL THAT IS KNOWN. BY OBTAINING SPECTRA OF MASSIVE WIDE-SEPARATION PLANETS WE CAN PROBE THEIR ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND ABUNDANCES CONSTRAIN THEIR SURFACE GRAVITIES (AND HENCE THEIR MASSES) AND INFER THEIR HEAT SUPPLY AT FORMATION. SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION CAN RESOLVE THE CONTROVERSY OVER HOW THESE PLANETS FORMED AND ENABLE US TO UNDERSTAND THE PHYSICAL STATE OF THEIR ATMOSPHERES INCLUDING TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE PROFILES AND THE FORMATION OF CLOUDS AND HAZES. THE SAME TECHNIQUES WILL ULTIMATELY PROVIDE A WAY TO SEARCH FOR NONEQUILIBRIUM CHEMISTRY IN THE ATMOSPHERES OF ROCKY PLANETS A POTENTIAL SIGNATURE OF LIFE. WE PROPOSE TO USE THE NEW INSTRUMENTS SCEXAO AND CHARIS ON THE SUBARU TELESCOPE TO (1) CONDUCT A SURVEY FOR NEW EXOPLANETS AROUND NEARBY YOUNG STARS VISIBLE FROM THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE (2) OBTAIN CALIBRATE AND CHARACTERIZE SPECTRA OF KNOWN AND NEWLY-DISCOVERED PLANETS AND (3) USE THESE SPECTRA TO INFER PLANET PROPERTIES AND CONNECT THEM TO THEORIES OF GIANT PLANET FORMATION. CHARIS HAS THE BROADEST SIMULTANEOUS BANDPASS OF ANY INSTRUMENT IN ITS CLASS WHICH ENABLES US TO DISTINGUISH DIFFRACTED STARLIGHT FROM THE LIGHT OF FAINT EXOPLANETS CLOSE TO THEIR STARS. SCEXAO'S USE OF INCOHERENT SATELLITE SPOTS (JOVANOVIC ET AL. 2015) WILL ENABLE US TO ACCURATELY CALIBRATE THE POSITION AND BRIGHTNESS OF PLANETS. SPECTRA OBTAINED WITH THE AID OF HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING ARE BY THEIR NATURE DIFFICULT TO CALIBRATE AND CHARACTERIZE. THIS MAKES PROPER STATISTICAL COMPARISONS WITH THEORETICAL SPECTRA IMPOSSIBLE AND MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO INFER THE PLANETS' CHEMISTRY AND ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS. PUBLISHED EXOPLANET SPECTRA HAVE USED HIGH-PASS FILTERS (KONOPACKY ET AL. 2013) GENERICALLY OMIT COVARIANCES AND HAVE USED A RANGE OF EXTRACTION ALGORITHMS IN AN ATTEMPT TO UNDERSTAND SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES (MACINTOSH ET AL. 2015). OUR RESEARCH PROGRAM WILL COMBINE NEW EXTRACTION ALGORITHMS WITH SCEXAO'S CALIBRATION CAPABILITIES TO ENABLE DEEPER SEARCHES FOR NEW PLANETS AND STATISTICALLY RIGOROUS COMPARISONS OF OBSERVED SPECTRA WITH THEORETICAL MODELS. THESE COMPARISONS ARE THE ONLY WAY TO INFER THE EXOPLANETS' CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES WHICH COULD POINT TO THE LOCATIONS IN THE PROTOPLANETARY DISK WHERE THE PLANETS FORMED. OUR OBSERVED AND CALIBRATED SPECTRA WILL PROVIDE MUCH-NEEDED TESTS OF THEORETICAL MODELS OF EXOPLANET AND BROWN DWARF ATMOSPHERES WHILE THE ALGORITHMS AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES WE DEVELOP WILL BE APPLICABLE TO DATA FROM JWST AND FROM FUTURE MISSIONS LIKE WFIRST HABEX AND LUVOIR.
$360,677University Of California, Santa Barbara · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Transition Path Theory and Markovian Milestoning for Prediction of Protein-Ligand Binding Kinetics in Molecular Simulations
$360,658Cameron F Abrams · Drexel University · R01 · FY2018 · GM
Gene Mapping of Susceptibility to Periodontitis
$360,634Scott R Diehl · Univ Of Med/Dent Of Nj-Nj Dental School · R01 · FY2006 · DE
The Nrf2-ARE Pathway in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
$360,633Jeffrey A Johnson · University Of Wisconsin-Madison · R01 · FY2012 · ES