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38,696 grants matching “als”
Oligodendrocyte responses to stresses
$374,136Wendy B Macklin · University Of Colorado Denver · R01 · FY2023 · NS
Oligodendrocyte responses to stresses
$374,136Wendy B Macklin · University Of Colorado Denver · R01 · FY2020 · NS
Oligodendrocyte responses to stresses
$374,136Wendy B Macklin · University Of Colorado Denver · R01 · FY2019 · NS
Oligodendrocyte responses to stresses
$374,136Wendy B Macklin · University Of Colorado Denver · R01 · FY2021 · NS
NEURONAL CA++ SEQUESTERING COMPARTMENTS--PROTECTIVE ROLE
$374,096Boston University Medical Campus · R37 · FY2001 · AG
THE MOON HAS BEEN A MAJOR FOCUS IN PLANETARY SCIENCE. THE OBSERVATION THAT TERRESTRIAL AND LUNAR ROCKS HAVE STRIKINGLY SIMILAR ISOTOPIC RATIOS CONTRIBUTED TO THE NOW LEADING HYPOTHESIS THAT THE MOON FORMED BY A GIANT IMPACT. ADDITIONALLY THE OBSERVATION THAT LUNAR ROCKS ARE GENERALLY DEPLETED IN VOLATILES RELATIVE TO THE EARTH HAS MOTIVATED STUDIES THAT SUGGEST THAT VOLATILES WERE PREFERENTIALLY REMOVED FROM THE PROTOLUNAR MATERIAL AS THE MOON FORMED (E.G. CANUP ET AL. 2015). HOWEVER RECENT MEASUREMENTS SUGGEST THAT AT LEAST PORTIONS OF THE MOON WERE INITIALLY WATER-RICH WITH PERHAPS EARTH-LIKE VOLATILE CONTENTS (E.G. HAURI ET AL. 2015). UNRAVELING HOW THE MOON S VOLATILE CONTENT RELATES TO ITS FORMATION BY A GIANT IMPACT REMAINS AN OPEN AND IMPORTANT QUESTION OF IMPORTANCE TO FUTURE LUNAR EXPLORATION. THE ONLY OTHER TERRESTRIAL MOONS ARE MARS MOONS PHOBOS AND DEIMOS. ORIGINALLY THESE MOONS WERE THOUGHT TO BE GRAVITATIONALLY CAPTURED ASTEROIDS BASED ON THE SIMILARITY OF THEIR SPECTRA TO THOSE OF D-TYPE ASTEROIDS. HOWEVER INTACT CAPTURE IS DIFFICULT TO RECONCILE WITH THE SMALL INCLINATIONS AND ECCENTRICITIES OF THE MOONS ORBITS. RECENT STUDIES INSTEAD SUGGEST THAT PHOBOS AND DEIMOS ACCRETED FROM A DISK PRODUCED BY A LARGE IMPACT (E.G. CANUP&SALMON 2018) WHICH CAN NATURALLY EXPLAIN THEIR REGULAR ORBITS. HOWEVER WE STILL LACK A CLEAR CONNECTION BETWEEN THESE ORIGIN HYPOTHESES AND OBSERVABLE QUANTITIES THAT WOULD ALLOW US TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THEM. OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE IS WHETHER THE MOONS WOULD BE EXPECTED TO BE VOLATILE RICH IF THEY FORMED BY AN IMPACT. UNDERSTANDING THIS QUESTION WILL BE KEY TO DETERMINING THEIR MODE OF ORIGIN BASED ON ANTICIPATED RESULTS FROM THE FUTURE SAMPLE RETURN MISSION MARTIAN MOONS EXPLORATION (MMX) AND TO DETERMINING THEIR RESOURCES FOR POTENTIAL FUTURE EXPLORATION. MOREOVER VOLATILE LOSS BY IMPACT DURING THE PLANETARY ACCRETION STAGE MAY HAVE SIGNIFICANT CONSEQUENCES ON THE CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF PLANETARY BODIES. THE CAUSE OF THE OBSERVED DEPLETION OF VOLATILE ELEMENTS AND ENRICHMENT IN ISOTOPICALLY HEAVY ELEMENTS WITHIN DIFFERENTIATED BODIES HAS BEEN ACTIVELY DEBATED. THIS COULD HAVE BEEN CAUSED BY PARTIAL MELTING AND VAPORIZATION DURING THE MOON-FORMING IMPACT (NORRIS AND WOOD 2017) OR VOLATILE LOSS DURING THE ACCRETION STAGE (HIN ET AL. 2017). THUS A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE BEHAVIOR OF VOLATILES DURING IMPACTS MAY PROVIDE IMPROVED CONSTRAINTS ON EARLY PLANET FORMATION CONDITIONS AND TIMING OF VOLATILE DELIVERY. WE PROPOSE TO INVESTIGATE VOLATILE LOSS/RETENTION DURING AND AFTER LARGE IMPACTS BASED ON HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS. PREVIOUSLY WE HAVE FOUND THAT VOLATILE LOSS TO SPACE IS NEGLIGIBLE FROM A HYDROSTATIC AND CIRCULAR LUNAR-FORMING DISK (NAKAJIMA&STEVENSON 2018) HOWEVER VOLATILE LOSS COULD OCCUR BEFORE THE SYSTEM REACHES A HYDROSTATIC STATE ESPECIALLY IF THE EJECTA SPEED IS LARGE. WE WILL HERE INVESTIGATE VOLATILE ESCAPE DURING THE VERY EARLY STAGES OF AN IMPACT WHEN EJECTA IS ON ON HIGHLY ECCENTRIC ORBITS AND PREDICT CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC SIGNATURES EXPECTED IN THE MOON. FOR MARS WE WILL CONSIDER THE CONSEQUENCES OF AN IMPACT ORIGIN FOR PHOBOS-DEIMOS. OUR PRELIMINARY CALCULATIONS ON VOLATILE ESCAPE FROM A MARTIAN MOON-FORMING DISK SUGGEST THAT WATER AND SODIUM VAPOR WOULD HAVE BEEN VULNERABLE TO ESCAPE IN THE FIRST 10 HOURS AFTER THE IMPACT. WE PREDICT THAT WATER VAPOR WOULD ESCAPE BEFORE IT ADIABATICALLY COOLED SUFFICIENTLY TO CONDENSE WHEREAS SODIUM VAPOR WOULD HAVE CONDENSED BEFORE IT ESCAPED FROM THE MARTIAN GRAVITATIONAL WELL THUS ALLOWING SODIUM TO EVENTUALLY BE INCORPORATED IN THE MOONS. CONSEQUENTLY THE BULK WATER ABUNDANCES OF PHOBOS AND DEIMOS MAY DIFFERENTIATE AMONG THE ORIGIN HYPOTHESES WITH IMPACT-INDUCED MOONS BEING DRY WHEREAS GRAVITATIONALLY CAPTURED MOONS COULD BE AS WATER-RICH. FINALLY WE WILL ESTIMATE VOLATILE LOSS FROM A GROWING PLANETESIMALS AND PROTOPLANETS UNDERGOING LARGE IMPACTS.
$374,087University Of Rochester · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Behavioral and Team Functioning to Meet Resident Needs
$374,085University Of Alabama At Birmingham · R01 · FY2004 · NR
REU Site: Research & Training in Multidisciplinary field of Regenerative Sciences for Undergraduates
$373,985Komal Vig · Alabama State University · · FY2021 · BIO
Core B
$373,981James J Chou · Harvard Medical School · U54 · FY2014 · GM
Dynamics of Tau protein, Amyloid beta oligomer, and APOE isoforms at the neurovascular unit
$373,973James L McGrath · University Of Rochester · R33 · FY2023 · HL
Role of cortical catecholamines in regulating motivated behavior and striatal dopamine
$373,965Nikhil Urs · University Of Florida · R01 · FY2024 · MH
REU Site: Innovative Engineering Using Renewable Resources
$373,954Todd J Freeborn · University Of Alabama Tuscaloosa · · FY2016 · ENG
Genetic susceptibility to Common Lipid Disorders in Mexico
$373,944Paivi Pajukanta · University Of California Los Angeles · R01 · FY2006 · HL
Immunity, liver injury and repair
$373,928Bin Gao · National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism · Z01 · FY2008 · AA
Tau oligomer platform validation using lead series candidate in htau mice
$373,923James G. Moe · Oligomerix, Inc · R44 · FY2019 · AG
Simplified and agile AAV production by integrating rapid DNA synthesis with continuous AAV collection
$373,923Brian Michael Davis · General Electric Global Research Ctr · R01 · FY2021 · FD
The novel role of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 in allo-immunity and T cell exhaustion
$373,910Jamil Azzi · Brigham And Women'S Hospital · R01 · FY2019 · AI
Ionic basis of neuronal hyperexcitability
$373,899John Clay · National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke · ZIA · FY2010 · NS
Role of ctDNA change as a response measure in the EA1183 patient population and how ctDNA changes correlate with metabolic response by serial FDG PET/CT
$373,890Jennifer Marie Specht · University Of Washington · R01 · FY2022 · CA
Oxidative pentose phosphate pathway regulates AMPK homeostasis by balancing opposing LKB1 and PP2A
$373,883Jing Chen · University Of Chicago · R01 · FY2024 · CA
The novel role of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 in allo-immunity and T cell exhaustion
$373,871Jamil Azzi · Brigham And Women'S Hospital · R01 · FY2020 · AI
Towards a comprehensive protein interactome network in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
$373,865Haiyuan Yu · Cornell University · R01 · FY2014 · GM
AgRP neurons regulate bone remodeling in aging
$373,865Tamas L Horvath · Yale University · R01 · FY2011 · AG
Treatment of Catecholaminergic Neurodegeneration
$373,858David Goldstein · National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke · ZIA · FY2019 · NS
Motivation and Attention in Posterior Cingulate Cortex
$373,847Michael L Platt · Duke University · R01 · FY2007 · EY