Sort
17,054 grants matching “genome editing”
The Role of Truncated mRNAs in Cancer
$291,420Jeongsik Yong · University Of Minnesota · R01 · FY2019 · GM
Why Donât Lizards Regenerate Perfect Tails Like Salamanders?
$291,094Thomas Peter Lozito · University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh · R01 · FY2017 · GM
Enabling tools for protists pathogen glycobiology
$291,000Christopher M. West · University Of Georgia · R21 · FY2015 · AI
HOPS ARE SPECIALTY CROP IN THE US PRIZED FOR THEIR VALUE IN BREWING BEER. DUE TO THE EXPLOSIVE GROWTH OF THE CRAFT BEER MARKET THROUGHOUT THE LAST DECADE, DEMAND FOR HOPS AND OVERALL PRODUCTION HAVE BEEN STEADILY INCREASING. ALTHOUGH ONCE A REGIONAL CROP GROWN ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, OTHER MINOR PRODUCTION AREAS ARE EMERGING THROUGHOUT THE US AS INTEREST IN LOCALLY GROWN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS HAS RISEN. PLANT DISEASES ARE A MAJOR CHALLENGE FACED BY HOP GROWERS. POWDERY MILDEW, A FUNGUS, IS PARTICULARLY PROBLEMATIC IN THE MAJOR HOP GROWING AREAS. MILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN REVENUE ARE LOST ANNUALLY TO DECREASED HOPYARD PRODUCTIVITY AND INCREASED LABOR COSTS DUE TO MANAGEMENT OF THIS DISEASE. PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS AND PRACTICES SUCH AS EARLY PRUNING CAN HELP LIMIT THE SPREAD OF POWDERY MILDEW, BUT THE MOST RELIABLE WAY OF CONTROLLING THE DISEASE IS BY PLANTING HOP VARIETIES THAT HAVE BUILT-IN GENETIC RESISTANCE TO IT. THUS, POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE IS A HIGHLY PRIORITIZED TRAIT IN BREEDING OF NEW HOP VARIETIES. THE BEST-STUDIED SOURCE OF GENETIC RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW STRAINS PREVALENT IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST IS REFERRED TO AS R6. THE EXACT GENE THAT CAUSES R6 RESISTANCE IS NOT KNOWN, BUT PREVIOUS RESEARCH USING GENETIC MAPPING HAS DETERMINED ITS LOCATION TO BE WITHIN A SMALL REGION OF ONE OF THE CHROMOSOMES IN THE HOP GENOME.GENETIC ENGINEERING COULD BE A VERY USEFUL TOOL IN NARROWING DOWN THE IDENTITY OF THE GENE THAT CAUSES R6 RESISTANCE IN HOP. HOWEVER, NO PROCEDURES FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING OF AMERICAN HOP VARIETIES, INCLUDING ONES THAT HAVE THE R6 TRAIT, HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE UP TO THIS POINT. THEREFORE, THE FIRST OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A PROCEDURE FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING IN AN AMERICAN HOP CULTIVAR BY TESTING SEVERAL HOP VARIETIES WHILE ADJUSTING MULTIPLE DIFFERENT VARIABLES IN THE GENETIC ENGINEERING PROCESS. ONE NEW TECHNIQUE WITHIN GENETIC ENGINEERING, REFERRED TO AS GENE EDITING, USES A SET OF MOLECULAR MACHINERY CALLED CRISPR/CAS9 TO TURN A SPECIFIC GENE ON, OFF OR OTHERWISE ALTER IT BY MAKING MINOR CHANGES TO ITS DNA SEQUENCE. FOR THE SECOND OBJECTIVE, WE PLAN TO USE CRISPR/CAS9 TO TURN OFF SEVERAL GENES WITHIN THE REGION WHERE THE R6 GENE IS KNOWN TO BE LOCATED IN THE HOP GENOME. THE THIRD OBJECTIVE INVOLVES EXPOSING PLANTS THAT HAVE BEEN EDITED IN THIS WAY TO THE POWDERY MILDEW FUNGUS, WHICH WILL ALLOW US TO DETERMINE THE SPECIFIC GENE RESPONSIBLE FOR R6. THE FOURTH AND FINAL OBJECTIVE INVOLVES EXPLORING A TECHNIQUE THAT WILL HELP TO DEVELOP GENE EDITED PLANTS IN WHICH THE CRSIPR/CAS9 MACHINERY HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THE PLANT'S CELLS AFTER IT HAS ALREADY DONE ITS EDITING JOB.IF THIS PROJECT IS SUCCESSFUL, IT WILL HELP TO IMPROVE HOP BREEDING FOR POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE WHICH WOULD LEAD TO REDUCED EXPENSES FOR HOP GROWERS AND ULTIMATELY FOR BREWERS AND BEER CONSUMERS. FURTHERMORE, THE PROCEDURES DEVELOPED HERE WOULD PAVE THE WAY FOR FUTURE RESEARCH IN HOP GENETICS AND WOULD OPEN A ROUTE FOR GENE EDITING TO BE USED DIRECTLY AS A BREEDING TECHNIQUE TO MORE QUICKLY IMPROVE HOP CULTIVARS.
$290,800Oregon State University · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Morphogenetic effector networks in the Ciona notochord
$290,500Michael Terrence Veeman · Kansas State University · R01 · FY2015 · HD
Novel Tumor Suppressing Kinases in Cancer
$290,307John Brognard · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2018 · CA
Caenorhabditis Testing Program Data Coordinating Center
$290,301Patrick C. Phillips · University Of Oregon · U24 · FY2025 · AG
Caenorhabditis Testing Program Data Coordinating Center
$290,301Patrick C. Phillips · University Of Oregon · U24 · FY2023 · AG
Caenorhabditis Testing Program Data Coordinating Center
$290,301Patrick C. Phillips · University Of Oregon · U24 · FY2024 · AG
Caenorhabditis Testing Program Data Coordinating Center
$290,301Patrick C. Phillips · University Of Oregon · U24 · FY2022 · AG
CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA) IS A ROOT VEGETABLE OFTEN CLAIMED TO BE THE PERFECT HEALTH FOOD. IT IS TASTY AND HIGHLY NUTRITIOUS, CONTAINING HIGH LEVELS OF Β-CAROTENE, FIBER, POTASSIUM, ANTIOXIDANTS, VITAMIN K1 AND VITAMIN B6. CARROTS ARE FOUND IN DIFFERENT COLORS, SUCH AS YELLOW, WHITE, ORANGE, RED AND PURPLE. CARROTS ARE AMONG THE TOP 10 VEGETABLES, BASED ON GLOBAL PRODUCTION RECORDS OF PRIMARY VEGETABLES BASED ON FAO 2017 (HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/STATISTICS). INTERESTINGLY, CARROT PRODUCTION PER CAPITA IN THE AMERICAS IS ONLY A THIRD AND A QUARTER TO THAT OF OCEANIA AND EUROPE, RESPECTIVELY. IT SUGGESTS AMPLE ROOM FOR PRODUCTION IMPROVEMENT AS AMERICANS ARE PROJECTED TO EAT A HEALTHIER DIET, RICH IN NUTRITIOUS VEGETABLES. CARROT IS A RELATIVELY RECENTLY DOMESTICATED VEGETABLE CROP. RECENT SEQUENCING OF A CARROT REFERENCE GENOME HAS PAVED THE WAY FOR GENETIC IMPROVEMENTS OF CARROT GERMPLASMS. AS A PROMISING BREEDING TOOL, GENE EDITING IS POISED TO REVOLUTIONIZE CARROT BREEDING. CONSEQUENTLY, THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROBUST CARROT GENOME EDITING PLATFORMS HAS BECOME URGENT. HENCE, IT IS IMPORTANT TO DEVELOP A NEW CARROT GENOME EDITING PLATFORM THAT IS TRANSGENE-FREE. IT WILL NOT ONLY MITIGATE THE REGULATORY BURDEN, BUT ALSO MAKE IT MORE APPEALING TO CONSUMERS AS WE ANTICIPATE THAT GENOME EDITING WILL HELP ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARROT GERMPLASMS THAT BENEFIT CONSUMERS. WHILE THE GENOME EDITING TECHNOLOGY IS PROMISED TO ACCELERATE CROP BREEDING, ITS DEMONSTRATION AND OPTIMIZATION ARE LAGGING IN BREEDING PROGRAMS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR. THIS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE FOR AGRICULTURALLY IMPORTANT MINOR CROPS SUCH AS CARROT. IN THIS PROJECT, A TRANSGENE-FREE GENOME EDITING PLATFORM WILL BE ESTABLISHED IN CARROT. BY APPLYING HIGHLY EFFICIENT CRISPR-CAS12A TOOLS TO CARROT THROUGH A TRANSGENE-FREE RNP DELIVERY METHOD, TWO COMPLEMENTARY GENOME EDITING SYSTEMS WILL BE TESTED AND ESTABLISHED IN CARROTS, ONE FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY TARGETED MUTAGENESIS AND THE OTHER FOR PRECISE GENE REPLACEMENT. GIVEN THE BROAD APPLICABILITY OF THE GENOME EDITING SYSTEMS TO BE DEVELOPED, THE TECHNOLOGIES TO BE DEVELOPED IN THIS PROJECT ARE POTENTIALLY TRANSFORMATIVE AS THEY CAN BE APPLIED TO MANY OTHER MINOR CROPS. THIS PROJECT SPECIFICALLY ADDRESSES THE FOLLOWING TWO CRITERIA OF THE PROGRAM: 1) TRANSFORMATION METHODS THAT DO NOT REQUIRE THE USE OF PLANT PEST SEQUENCES IN PLANTS OR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENE EDITING TECHNOLOGIES THAT DO NOT REQUIRE TRANSFORMATION; 2) IF TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES NEED TO BE DEVELOPED, THEY MUST BE COUPLED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENE EDITING TECHNOLOGIES. BY DEMONSTRATING THESE NEW TRANSGENE-FREE GENOMES EDITING PLATFORMS AND SHARING THE TOOLS AND PROTOCOLS WIDELY TO OTHER RESEARCHERS AND BREEDERS, THE SUCCESS OF THIS PROJECT WILL ENCOURAGE ADOPTION OF THESE BREEDING TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC BREEDING SECTOR, SO THAT THE GOAL SET BY USDA TO INCREASE US AGRICULTURE PRODUCTIVITY BY 40% WHILE CUTTING THE ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT IN HALF BY 2050 CAN BE MET.
$290,000University Of Maryland, College Park · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
THE USAGE OF CRISPR-CAS HAS MADE TREMENDOUS ADVANCEMENTS IN CROP IMPROVEMENT. THE REASON BEHIND ITS SUCCESS IS DUE TO FLEXIBILITY AND EASY-TO-USE APPLICATION. FURTHERMORE, CRISPR-CAS CAN BE DELIVERED INTO PLANT CELLS WITHOUT TRANSGENE INTRODUCTION, ALLEVIATING A PUBLIC CONCERN. THIS TRANSGENE-FREE STRATEGY IS ACHIEVED BY ADDING ITS COMPONENTS THROUGH PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT AND TISSUE CULTURE PROTOCOLS FOR A CROP OF INTEREST. HOWEVER, MOST PROMISING CUTTING-EDGE LABORATORIES LACK THE TISSUE CULTURE EXPERTISE NECESSARY TO GENERATE GENE-EDITED TROPICAL CROPS DUE TO THEIR COMPLEXITY.THE HAWAI'I AGRICULTURE RESEARCH CENTER (HARC), A NON-PROFIT AGRICULTURE RESEARCH CENTER IN HAWAI'I, HAS VAST EXPERIENCE IN TROPICAL CROP TISSUE CULTURE AND GENETIC ENGINEERING PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT. TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE EASINESS OF DELIVERING THE CRISPR-CAS MODULE INTO PLANT CELLS AND HARC'S EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN TROPICAL CROP TISSUE CULTURE,WE WILL DEVELOP A TRANSGENE-FREE GENE-EDITING PLATFORMFOR TROPICAL CROPS.WE WILL IMPLEMENT OUR PLATFORM ON SUGARCANE AND PAPAYA BECAUSE (1) BOTH CROPS HAVE THEIR GENOMES PUBLICLY AVAILABLE, (2) HARC HAS A RICH HISTORY WITH BOTH CROPS IN PLANT BREEDING AND GENETIC ENGINEERING, RESPECTIVELY, AND (3) HARC HAS EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN REGENERATING SUGARCANE AND PAPAYA FROM TISSUE CULTURE - A CRITICAL COMPONENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENE-FREE GENE-EDITED PLANTS. WE WILL TARGET THEPHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS)GENE IN BOTH CROPS AS A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT TO VALIDATE OUR PLATFORM. THE DISRUPTION OF THIS GENE WILL LEAD TO WHITE PLANTS, MAKING IT EASY TO DETERMINE GENE-EDITED PLANTS VISUALLY. THIS APPROACH WILL FURTHER OPTIMIZE THE PROTOCOL LEADING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADDED-VALUE TRAITS IN TROPICAL CROPS.WE WILL USE INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO DEVELOP THE TRANSGENE-FREE GENE-EDITING PROTOCOL, SUCH AS GENOME SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ASSAYS, AND ESTABLISHED TISSUE CULTURE PROTOCOLS. OUR PROPOSED RESEARCH LEVERAGES HARC'S EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN TROPICAL CROP TISSUE CULTURE AND AN ON-SITE RESEARCH FARM AND GROWTH CHAMBERS FOR FURTHER CROP EVALUATION. OUR STRATEGY FOCUSES ON DEVELOPING TRANSFORMATION METHODS THAT DO NOT REQUIRE THE USE OF PLANT PEST SEQUENCES IN PLANTS OR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENE-EDITING TECHNOLOGIES THAT DO NOT REQUIRE TRANSFORMATION, THUS FULFILLING AN AFRI CROSSCUTTING PROGRAM PRIORITY.AT THE END OF THIS PROJECT, WE WILL:DETERMINE A STRATEGY TO EDIT A GENETICALLY COMPLEX CROP (SUGARCANE),IDENTIFY WHICH TRANSGENE-FREE DELIVERY STRATEGY IS MOST EFFICIENT IN DEVELOPING GENE-EDITED PLANTLETS, ANDPROVIDE AN EFFICIENT MOLECULAR SCREENING PROTOCOL TO IDENTIFY GENE-EDITED PLANTS WITHOUT SELECTING MARKERS IN TISSUE CULTURE.COMPLETING THE PROJECT WILL SET THE FOUNDATION FOR NEW GENE-EDITING AND TISSUE CULTURE PROTOCOLS FOR OTHER AGRONOMICAL CRITICAL TROPICAL CROPS. IN THELONG TERM, OUR WORK EXPECTS TO PRESENT A STRATEGY TO PRECISELY MANIPULATE TROPICAL CROP GENOMES WITHOUT TRANSGENES. THIS PROJECT WILL ALLOW FACILITATING CROP IMPROVEMENT WHILE ADDRESSING PUBLIC CONCERNS.
$290,000Hawaii Agriculture Research Center · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Functional impact, mechanistic role, and targetability of ROS1 aberrations in cancer
$289,993Monika A Davare · Oregon Health & Science University · R01 · FY2023 · CA
Mechanisms of Circadian Repression
$289,941Christine Merlin · Texas A&M University · R01 · FY2017 · GM
Identification and validation of molecular markers of piperaquine resistance
$289,910Shannon Takala Harrison · University Of Maryland Baltimore · R01 · FY2021 · AI
Mechanisms of resistance to MEK Inhibition in RAS-pathway activated chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
$289,908Ami B Patel · University Of Utah · K08 · FY2022 · CA
Mechanisms of resistance to MEK Inhibition in RAS-pathway activated chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
$289,908Ami B Patel · University Of Utah · K08 · FY2023 · CA
Mechanisms of resistance to MEK Inhibition in RAS-pathway activated chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
$289,908Ami B Patel · University Of Utah · K08 · FY2024 · CA
Mechanisms of resistance to MEK Inhibition in RAS-pathway activated chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
$289,908Ami B Patel · Utah State Higher Education System--University Of Utah · K08 · FY2025 · CA
Genome Editing Therapy for Usher Syndrome Type 3
$289,895Dongshan Yang · Genetobe Inc. · R42 · FY2023 · EY
Identification and validation of molecular markers of piperaquine resistance
$289,689Shannon Takala Harrison · University Of Maryland Baltimore · R01 · FY2020 · AI
RNA EDITING IN PLANT ORGANELLES
$289,673Cornell University Ithaca · R01 · FY2000 · GM
Apelin Signaling in Muscle Regeneration
$289,641Romain Madelaine · University Of Maine Orono · P20 · FY2023 · GM
Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting of CD4 Down regulation in African Green Monkeys
$289,535Joseph Christopher Mudd · Tulane University Of Louisiana · R21 · FY2021 · OD
Molecular Neuroscience of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Training
$289,529Dipak Kumar Sarkar · Rutgers, The State Univ Of N.J. · T32 · FY2019 · AA