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38,696 grants matching “als”
Sequencing and Analysis of Targeted Genetic Regions Associated with Smoking
$490,000David L Valle · Johns Hopkins University · N01 · FY2011 · DA
Role of Bacteria in Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer
$489,882Christian Jobin · University Of Florida · R01 · FY2018 · DK
Role of Bacteria in Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer
$489,882Christian Jobin · University Of Florida · R01 · FY2019 · DK
IN THE UNITED STATES AND WORLD-OVER, ROUNDWORM INFECTIONS ARE AMONG THE MOST ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT HEALTH PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK, COSTING THE GLOBAL LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY BILLIONS OF DOLLARS ANNUALLY. THE ONLY RELIABLE WAY TO CONTROL ROUNDWORMS IN LIVESTOCK IS BY USING MEDICINES CALLED ANTHELMINTICS. HOWEVER, ROUNDWORMS INFECTING LIVESTOCK HAVE DEVELOPED RESISTANCE TO ALMOST ALL CURRENTLY AVAILABLE ANTHELMINTICS, LEAVING LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS WITH NO EFFECTIVE MEANS OF CONTROLLING ROUNDWORM INFECTIONS IN LIVESTOCK. THEREFORE, THERE IS URGENT NEED TO DEVELOP NEW EFFECTIVE ANTHELMINTICS. WE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED NEW UNIQUE MOLECULES CALLED PHOSPHOETHANOLAMINE METHYLTRANSFERASES (PMTS) THAT ROUNDWORMS USE TO REPRODUCE AND GROW, TO THE EXTENT THAT THEY CANNOT SURVIVE WITHOUT THEM WHILE LIVING IN LIVESTOCK. THE PMTS ARE USED TO PRODUCE A SPECIAL FAT MOLECULE CALLED PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE, WHICH IS IMPORTANT FOR SURVIVAL, REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF ROUNDWORMS. IMPORTANTLY, THOSE PMTS ARE NOT FOUND INLIVESTOCK, INDICATING THAT IF THEY ARE TARGETED FOR INACTIVATION USING SPECIFIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, ROUNDWORMS WILL BE HARMED WHILE LIVESTOCK WILL REMAIN UNAFFECTED. THEREFORE, OUR MAIN AIM IS TO IDENTIFY AND VALIDATE NOVEL CHEMICALS THAT CAN SPECIFICALLY INACTIVATE PMTS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF ROUNDWORMS. WE WILL MODIFY THE IDENTIFIED CHEMICALS IN ORDER TO MAKE THEM OPTIMALLY EFFECTIVE IN KILLING THE VARIOUS TYPES OF LIVESTOCK ROUNDWORMS, INCLUDING THOSE THAT ARE RESISTANT TO CURRENT DRUGS. AT COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT, WE ANTICIPATE TO HAVE UNVEILED NOVEL LEAD-CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FOR DEVELOPING A NEW GENERATION OF FULLY EFFECTIVE ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS FOR KILLING ROUNDWORMS IN LIVESTOCK. THIS WILL LEAD TO IMPROVED LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY AND ENHANCED FOOD SECURITY.THE SPECIFIC SCIENCE OBJECTIVES ARE:1.CLONE AND CHARACTERIZE PUTATIVE PHOSPHOETHANOLAMINE METHYLTRANSFERASES FROM DIFFERENT FAMILIES OF LIVESTOCK NEMATODES AND IDENTITY THEIR BROAD-SPECTRUM INHIBITORS. OVERVIEW: GENES ENCODING PUTATIVE PMTS FROM NEMATODE FAMILIES OF CHABERTIIDAE, TRICHOSTRONGYLIDAE, DICTYOCAULIDAE, ANCYLOSTOMATOIDEA AND ASCARIDIDAE WILL BE CLONED, EXPRESSED AND TESTED FOR PMT ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY. A CUSTOMIZED TARGETED LIBRARY OF COMPOUNDS WITH HIGH IN SILICO PREDICTABILITY OF AFFINITY FOR CANDIDATE PMT PROTEINS WILL BE SCREENED IN VITRO TO IDENTIFY BROAD-SPECTRUM INHIBITORS FOR THE NEMATODE PMTS.2.TEST THE ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF OPTIMIZED PHOSPHOETHANOLAMINE METHYLTRANSFERASES INHIBITORS AGAINST A VARIETY OF IMPORTANT NEMATODE PARASITE SPECIES OF LIVESTOCK, INCLUDING MULTI-DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS, USING BOTH IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ASSAYS. OVERVIEW: WE WILL OBTAIN A CUSTOMIZED SERIES OF COMPOUNDS WITH CONSERVATIVE STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS BASED ON THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURES OF THE FOUR CANDIDATE PMT INHIBITORS WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED (WITOLA ET AL., 2016B). THE COMPOUNDS WILL BE SCREENED FOR EFFICACY IN KILLING MIXED POPULATIONS OF BOTH DRUG-SUSCEPTIBLE AND MULTI-DRUG-RESISTANT NEMATODES IN VITRO AND IN VIVO. LIKEWISE, ANY NEW INHIBITORS THAT WILL BE IDENTIFIED IN OBJECTIVE 1 WILL ALSO BE TESTED.
$489,877University Of Illinois · · FY2018 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Mucus-penetrating nanoparticles for sustained microbicide delivery
$489,820Justin S. Hanes · Johns Hopkins University · R33 · FY2010 · AI
Folic Acid, Parental Mutation Rates and the Risk for Neural Tube Defects
$489,695Richard H. Finnell · Baylor College Of Medicine · R01 · FY2018 · HD
Folic Acid, Parental Mutation Rates and the Risk for Neural Tube Defects
$489,695Richard H. Finnell · Baylor College Of Medicine · R01 · FY2019 · HD
Folic Acid, Parental Mutation Rates and the Risk for Neural Tube Defects
$489,695Richard H. Finnell · Baylor College Of Medicine · R01 · FY2018 · HD
Protein Characterization By Mass Spectrometry
$489,571Kenneth Tomer · Environmental Health Sciences · Z01 · FY2007 · ES
Longitudinal Imaging of Patients at Clinical Risk for Psychosis.
$489,503Scott A Small · Columbia University Health Sciences · R01 · FY2014 · MH
Functional Analysis of Variants Underlying T Cell Defects
$489,499David L Wiest · University Of California, San Francisco · P01 · FY2020 · AI
Understanding the Structural Transformations of Aluminum Foil Anodes during Electrochemical De(alloying) for Sustainable Lithium-ion Batteries
$489,453Arumugam Manthiram · University Of Texas At Austin · · FY2023 · ENG
Nuclear architecture in C. elegans
$489,421Orna Cohen Fix · National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases · ZIA · FY2013 · DK
Nortriptyline-mediated attenuation of alpha-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease
$489,414Timothy J. Collier · Michigan State University · R01 · FY2015 · NS
Regulation of Subcellular Organization in Skeletal Muscle
$489,292Evelyn Ralston · National Institute Of Arthritis And Musculoskeletal And Skin Diseases · ZIA · FY2016 · AR
Social processing and neural plasticity
$489,281David A Leopold · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2013 · MH
The Neural Basis of Functional MRI Responses
$489,281David A Leopold · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2013 · MH
Phylogenomic Studies on the Evolution of Morphological Complexity
$489,273Andreas Baxevanis · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2016 · HG
RECENT OBSERVATIONS OF ENHANCED AMOUNTS OF SO2 AT 100 KM BY VENUS EXPRESS (VEX) (BERTAUX ET AL, 2009; SANDOR AND CLANCY, 2010); MAHIEUX ET AL, 2014)
$489,272Regents Of The University Of Michigan · · FY2015 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx for UMass Deep Sequencing Core
$489,250Scot A Wolfe · Univ Of Massachusetts Med Sch Worcester · S10 · FY2010 · RR
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF CALIFORNIA NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FOSSIL METHANE EMISSIONS IN THE SHORT-WAVE AND THERMAL INFRARED. ON A 20-YEAR TIMESCALE CH4 HAS A LARGER GREENHOUSE EFFECT THAN CO2 AND ITS DECADAL LIFETIME MAKES IT MORE AMENABLE TO REGULATORY APPROACHES. YET SOURCES REMAIN POORLY QUANTIFIED. TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP REGIONAL AND GLOBAL CH4 BUDGETS OFTEN DISAGREE SIGNIFICANTLY EG HSU ET AL (2009) FOUND AN ~40% DISCREPANCY FOR THE LA BASIN. MUCH OF THE DISCREPANCY COULD RELATE TO FOSSIL CH4 FROM FUGITIVE INDUSTRIAL (FFI) AND GEOLOGIC SOURCES; A RECENT LA BASIN SURVEY (NOAA) SUGGESTS FFI. SOME STUDIES SUGGEST RECENT CH4STABILIZATION WAS FROM GLOBAL FFI CH4 EMISSION DECREASES. RECENT TRANSCONTINENTAL GROUND CH4 DATA VALIDATED SCIAMACHY&GOSAT DATA WITH SIMILAR CONCLUSIONS. OTHERS SUGGEST AN ~50% US FFI UNDERESTIMATE. THE PLANNED AVIRIS/MASTER FLIGHTS COVER SIGNIFICANT FFI INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY AND GEOLOGIC CH4 EMISSION SITES. THE KEY STUDY SCIENCE QUESTION IS: WHAT ARE THE RELATIVE CALIFORNIA CONTRIBUTIONS OF FOSSIL GEOLOGIC AND FFI CH4? I.E. ADDRESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOSSIL CH4 EMISSIONS AND GEOLOGIC MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC (EG INVERSION LAYERS BUOYANT RISE) CONTROLS. THIS PRIMARILY IS AN APPLICATION STUDY USING AVIRIS (EG HYSPIRI VSWIR) AND MASTER (EG HYSPIRI TIR) AND TO A LESSER EXTENT A RESEARCH STUDY. IT DIRECTLY ADDRESSES THE RFP BY: 1) DEMONSTRATING SCIENCE APPLICATIONS (CH4 EMISSION) ENABLED BY HYSPIRI-LIKE SENSORS AND AIDS HYSPIRI MISSION DESIGN (BAND SELECTION AND BINNING ALGORITHMS); 2) PROVIDING UNPRECEDENTED INFORMATION FOR RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TO RESOURCE MANAGERS THOUGH MERGING AVIRIS DATA WITH EXISTING DATA. THE STUDY FITS HYSPIRI MISSION GOALS THROUGH ADDRESSING SCIENCE DEFINITION TEAM QUESTIONS: CQ5 (TERRESTRIAL SURFACE COMPOSITION) TQ4 (URBANIZATION AND ENVIRONMENT) AND VQ2 (SEASONAL CYCLES OF TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM AND LAND DISTURBANCE AND CLIMATECHANGE). OUR TEAM COMPRISES SCIENTISTS AND RESOURCE MANAGERS WITH SPECIFIC EXPERTISE TO ASSURE PROJECT SUCCESS. WE WILL STUDY FACTORS AFFECTING TRACE GAS (CH4 CO2) SWIR RETRIEVALS IN AVIRIS SWIR DATA FOR FOSSIL SOURCES TO CHARACTERIZE THE EFFECT OF ALBEDO NADIR ANGLE AEROSOLS WATER VAPOR PATH RADIANCE VERTICAL PROFILES SURFACE SPECTRAL NON-UNIFORMITY PIXEL SIZE SPECTRAL RESOLUTION AND SPECTRAL SPACING. SWIR-DERIVED CH4 WILL BE COMPARED WITH MASTER TIR SPECTRAL CH4 ANOMALIES. RETRIEVAL APPROACHES INCLUDING NEIGHBORING PIXEL NORMALIZATION BAND RATIO RESIDUAL MINIMIZATION AND STATISTICAL MEASURES BASED ON RADIATIVE TRANSFER CALCULATIONS FOR SWIR AND TIR ABSORPTION FEATURES WILL BE INVESTIGATED. IMPROVED SWIR TRACE GAS RETRIEVALS USING TIR-DERIVED VERTICAL PROFILESWILL BE STUDIED. MOBIL GROUND-REFERENCE CH4 MEASUREMENTS INCLUDING EDDY COVARIANCE FLUXES AND ALKANE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF C2-C8 WILL PROVIDE RELEVANT SIZE SCALES AND NATURAL GAS FINGERPRINTING. WE WILL IDENTIFY THE BEST REMOTE SENSING AND IN SITU PLUME CHARACTERIZATION APPROACHES RELEVANT CH4 SIZE SCALES AND MERGING OF MOBILE IN SITU DATA WITH AIRBORNE AND SATELLITE REMOTE SENSINGTO IMPROVE FLUX ESTIMATION AND SOURCE ATTRIBUTION. REGIONAL SCALING IS BY COMPARISON WITH SCIAMACHY/GOSAT DATA AND MAPS OF FFI ACTIVITY AND GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES. WE LEVERAGE PLANNED 2013/2014 CARVE (JPL) FTIR SPECTROMETER CALIFORNIA TRANSIT FLIGHTS AND MAKO (AEROSPACE CORP.) HIGH-SPECTRAL RESOLUTION TIR AIRBORNE FLIGHTS AND DISCOVER (AQ) AIRBORNE DATA AT NO COST TO THE STUDY. MAKO TIR DATA WILL ENABLE ALLOW EVALUATION OF MASTER TIR SPECTRAL RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS. THE STUDY FOCUSES ON THE COAL OIL POINT (COP) SEEP FIELD (NATURAL GEOLOGIC) THE ELK HILLS AND KERN OIL FIELDS (ANTHROPOGENIC) LA BREA SEEPAGE AND A RANGE OFURBAN CITES. PRIOR SEBASS DATA FROM THESE SITES AND AVIRIS/MASTER COP DATA ARE AVAILABLE AND SURFACE CH4 DATA WERE COLLECTED FEB. 2012 FOR THIS PROPOSAL. SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE DEMONSTRATED SUCCESSFUL AVIRIS COP CH4 RETRIEVAL. LA BRE
$489,165Bubbleology Research International, Inc. · · FY2014 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Project 2: The cohesin complex as a tumor suppressor in myeloid leukemia
$489,106Ari M. Melnick · New York University School Of Medicine · P01 · FY2022 · CA
ORAL AND SKELETAL BONE LOSS IN OLDER MEN
$489,100Oregon Health And Science University · R01 · FY2005 · DE
THE STUDY OF METEORITIC CA-AL-RICH INCLUSIONS (CAIS) PROVIDES US WITH A UNIQUE WINDOW INTO THE ORIGIN OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. THE CONDITIONS, PROCESSES,
$488,997California Institute Of Technology · · FY2014 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Treatment of choroidal subretinal neovascularization with immune agents
$488,942Robert B. Nussenblatt · National Eye Institute · Z01 · FY2007 · EY