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24,576 grants matching “microbiome”
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** AMERICAN GINSENG (AG, PANAX QUINQUEFOLIUS L.) IS ONE OF THE HIGHEST UNIT VALUE CASH CROPS AND ONE OF THE MOST WELL-KNOWN MEDICINAL PLANTS ORIGINATING FROM NORTH AMERICA. AFTER BEING HARVESTED FOR OVER 300 YEARS FROM THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS IN NORTH AMERICA, WILD AG HAS BECOME SCARCE AND NOW ALMOST ALL THE AGS SOLD WORLDWIDE IS CULTIVATED (LIU ET AL., 2021). DESPITE ITS PRODUCTION ONLY CONTRIBUTING TO LESS THAN 8% OF THE TOTAL WORLD AG PRODUCTION, THE DEMAND FOR HIGH-QUALITY AG HAS INCREASED STEADILY IN THE PAST DECADE BOTH DOMESTICALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY, ESPECIALLY THOSE PRODUCED FROM WILD-SIMULATED AND/OR ORGANICALLY MANAGED SYSTEMS. BECAUSE GINSENG IS WELL RECOGNIZED FOR ITS HEALTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES SUCH AS BOOSTING IMMUNITY AND PREVENTING RESPIRATORY DISEASES (YUAN ET AL., 2010; PREDY ET AL., 2005), THE DEMAND HAS INCREASED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. PARTICULARLY, DUE TO THE SCARCITY OF DEDICATED CERTIFIED ORGANIC LAND IN THE MAJOR GINSENG PRODUCTION COUNTRIES (USA, CANADA, CHINA, AND SOUTH KOREA), AMERICAN FARMERS HAVE A UNIQUE ORGANIC MARKET NICHE AVAILABLE THAT CAN GREATLY ENHANCE SUSTAINABILITY OF RURAL AREAS THAT ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR LARGE-SCALE AGRONOMIC CROP PRODUCTION BUT PERFECTLY SUITED FOR GINSENG GROWTH (E.G. WOODED, SLOPPING, AND ROCKY AREAS). HOWEVER, THE GREATEST IMMEDIATE PROBLEM CHALLENGING ORGANIC AMERICAN GINSENG PRODUCTION IS FUNGAL DISEASES CONTROL, WHICH TYPICALLY REQUIRES FREQUENT, SOMETIME EVEN DAILY USE OF COSTLY FUNGICIDES (DAVIS, 2002). PERSISTENT FUNGAL PATHOGEN ISSUES CAN NOT ONLY JEOPARDIZE BIOMASS PRODUCTION BUT DECREASE MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN SOILS, CREATING A REPLANTING ISSUE AGAINST CONTINUOUS MONOCULTURE PRODUCTION (LI ET AL., 2020; YANG ET AL., 2015). PRESENTLY, ORGANIC AND TRANSITIONAL FARMERS CANNOT FIND SCIENTIFICALLY PUBLISHED DATA OR EXTENSION PUBLICATIONS ON HOW TO ORGANICALLY MANAGE FUNGAL PATHOGEN ISSUES IN GINSENG PRODUCTION. THUS, OUR GOALS FOR THIS PROPOSED PROJECT ARE TO (1) EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL MICROBIAL AGENTS AND BOTANICAL EXTRACTS ON FUNGAL DISEASE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FOR ORGANIC AG PRODUCTION; (2) STABILIZE CHANGES TO THE SOIL MICROBIOME THAT OCCUR UNDER CONTINUOUS AG PRODUCTION BY INCREASING NATIVE BACTERIAL SPECIES KNOWN TO BE ANTAGONIST TO FUNGAL PATHOGENS AND TOXIN ACCUMULATION; AND (3) PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND CERTIFICATION TO LOCAL, REGIONAL AND NATIONAL GINSENG PRODUCERS BY EMPHASIZING BOTH THE CONSUMER'S MARKET PREFERENCE AND HIGHER PROFIT MARGIN; (4) DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE EDUCATIONAL AND OUTREACH PROGRAM TO EFFICIENTLY TRANSLATE OUR PROJECT FINDINGS TO STAKEHOLDERS AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC. THE RESEARCH COMPONENTS OF THIS MULTIPRONGED PROJECT WILL INCREASE AGROECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE WHILE ATTENUATING FUNGAL PATHOGEN PRESSURE AND LESSENING THE REPLANTING DIGRESSION ISSUE. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL RELY ON ESTABLISHED EDUCATION AND EXTENSION NETWORK TO DISSEMINATE OUR FINDINGS TO DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDER GROUPS ON A REGIONAL AND NATIONAL SCALE. THE PROPOSED PROGRAM WOULD BE THE FIRST MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL, MULTIDISCIPLINARY, AND COLLABORATIVE PROJECT ON ORGANIC AG PRODUCTION ACROSS THE APPALACHIA REGION; WHICH COULD COHESIVELY BOLSTER ORGANIC AG PRODUCTION, INCREASE MARKET COMPETITIVENESS AND DIVERSITY FOR ORGANIC GINSENG PRODUCERS, ENHANCE THE ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY IN RURAL AREAS THAT MAINLY SUPPORTS GINSENG PRODUCTION, AND MAINTAIN VALUES AND ETHNIC TRADITIONS IN AMERICAN RURAL COMMUNITIES AS A WHOLE.
$455,000Middle Tennessee State University · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Systems Biology
$454,885Nathan D Price · California Pacific Med Ctr Res Institute · U19 · FY2020 · AG
Spatial eco-epidemiology of tick-borne rickettisal pathogens
$454,814Holly Gaff · Old Dominion University · R01 · FY2018 · AI
Improving growth and neurodevelopment of very low birth weight infants through precision nutrition: The Optimizing Nutrition and Milk (Opti-NuM) Project.
$454,812Deborah O'Connor · Hospital For Sick Chldrn (Toronto) · R01 · FY2023 · HD
Cancer Bioinformatics Services
$454,743Riyue Bao · University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh · P30 · FY2021 · CA
Conflict and Cooperation between AMP Species on the skin
$454,740Richard L Gallo · University Of California, San Diego · R01 · FY2023 · AR
Methods for Multiscale and Integrative Characterization of Bacterial Epigenomes
$454,702Gang Fang · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2015 · GM
Microbiome and Nutrition in Severe PARDS
$454,624Katri Vanamo Typpo · University Of Arizona · R01 · FY2023 · HD
Beneficial ureolytic microbes and urea nitrogen salvage: examinations in an extreme animal model
$454,405Khrystyne Duddleston · University Of Alaska Anchorage · R15 · FY2016 · DK
MANY LEADING GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDING THE USDA RECOGNIZE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AS A POTENTIAL AND SERIOUS THREAT FOR HUMAN HEALTH. MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT PATHOGENS ARE LARGELY EMERGING BY THE SHARING OF RESISTANCE GENES BETWEEN BACTERIA IN FARM ANIMALS AND HUMAN PATHOGENS THROUGH TRANSMISSIBLE PLASMIDS, WHICH ARE MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS THAT CAN CONFER RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS. HOWEVER, WE STILL DON'T KNOW THE TRAJECTORIES OF THE RESISTANCE PLASMIDS FROM FARMS TO DEADLY HUMAN PATHOGENS, WHICH ENVIRONMENTS PROMOTE PLASMID TRANSFER, AND WHO ARE THE KEY PLAYERS IN THIS DISSEMINATION NETWORK. FERTILIZATION OF SOIL WITH MANURE IS THOUGHT TO SPREAD ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN SOILS BY HORIZONTAL TRANSFER OF RESISTANCE PLASMIDS, BUT EVIDENCE IS LIMITED. OUR LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO DETERMINE IF FERTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL SOIL WITH MANURE PROMOTES THE ESTABLISHMENT OF RESISTANCE PLASMIDS IN THE SOIL MICROBIOME TO FORM A PERSISTENT RESISTANCE GENE RESERVOIR. HERE WE PROPOSE TOACHIEVE THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES, THROUGH A COMBINATION OF NOVEL MOLECULAR METHOD DEVELOPMENT, FIELD AND MICROCOSM STUDIES THAT INVOLVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, PLASMID BIOLOGY, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOINFORMATICS AND STATISTIC MODELING: (1) DETERMINE AND IMPROVE THE LIMITS OF A NEW APPLICATION OF THE HI-C METHOD TO DETECT HORIZONTAL TRANSFER OF RESISTANCE PLASMIDS BETWEEN BACTERIA IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS; (2) DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF MANURE TREATMENT ON THE SPREAD OF A MULTI-DRUG RESISTANCE PLASMID IN THE SOIL SURROUNDING THE ROOTS OF BARLEY; AND (3) DETERMINE THE LONG-TERM EFFECT OF MANURE FERTILIZATION ON THE BACTERIAL RESERVOIRS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES AND PLASMIDS IN A REAL AGRICULTURAL FIELD. OUR FINDINGS ARE CRITICAL TO CONTINUED SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURE AS THEY WILL AID FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS OF STRATEGIES TO SLOW THE SPREAD OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE.
$454,402Regents Of The University Of Idaho · · FY2018 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
AVIAN PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (APEC) IS ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT HEALTH AND ECONOMIC THREATS TO THE MODERN POULTRY INDUSTRY. AS THERE EXISTS SEVERAL STRAINS OF E. COLI, MANY OF WHICH DO NOT OUTRIGHTLY CAUSE DISEASE AND CAN BE FOUND IN THE GUT AND RESPIRATORY TRACT OF HEALTHY POULTRY, THE MAJOR CHALLENGE IN DESIGNING STRATEGIES TO SUCCESSFULLY COMBAT AND PREVENT APEC INFECTION IN POULTRY IS TO IDENTIFY WHAT CONDITIONS IN THE CHICKEN GUT AND RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLUENCE E. COLI TO CAUSE DISEASE IN THE BIRD. THE IDENTIFICATION OF THESE ENVIRONMENTAL OR PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS WOULD BE OF IMMENSE VALUE IN CREATING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN BE USED TO DESIGN NOVEL HUSBANDRY AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TO PREVENT COLIBACILLOSIS DUE TO APEC IN POULTRY.CHIEF AMONG PRODUCTION-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT ARE WELL-RECOGNIZED TO ADVERSELY AFFECT BROILERS DURING THEIR PRODUCTION LIFETIMES IS HEAT STRESS.HEAT STRESS STANDS OUT AS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT DUE TO THE SEVERITY BY WHICH IT AFFECTS CHICKEN MORBIDITY IN ADDITION TO GUT HEALTH AND THE COLLECTION OF BACTERIAL MICROORGANISMS IN THE GUT (TERMED THE 'MICROBIOME'). IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS SUCH AS HEAT, STRESS-RELATED "FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT" NEUROCHEMICALS ARE PRODUCED IN THE GUT AND RESPIRATORY TRACTS. A LARGE BODY OF RESEARCH IN NON-AVIAN SPECIES HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT CRITICAL DETERMINANTS OF ANIMAL (TERMED THE 'HOST') SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION INCLUDE THE PRODUCTION OF STRESS NEUROCHEMICALS, SUCH AS NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE, WHICH OCCURS AT THE INTERFACE OF THE HOST-MICROBIOME ALONG THE MUCOSAL WALLS IN THE INTESTINAL AND RESPIRATORY TRACTS.THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE GUT MICROBIOME AND LUNG HEALTH INCLUDING RESPIRATORY INFECTION HAS BEEN TERMED THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-LUNG AXIS. FECAL CONTAMINATION OF LITTER AND BROILER INHALATION OF CONTAMINATED AEROSOL PARTICLES REPRESENTS A NATURAL ROUTE OF TRANSMISSION DIRECTLY LINKING THE INTESTINAL AND RESPIRATORY TRACTS, CREATING REAL-WORLD RELEVANCE FOR THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-LUNG AXIS IN POULTRY AND SPECIFICALLY IN THE DESIGN OF NOVEL ANTIBIOTIC-ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES AGAINST APEC.WE ANTICIPATE THAT OUR STUDIES WILL HAVE A LONG-TERM IMPACT ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE POULTRY INDUSTRY IN U.S. AGRICULTURE BECAUSE WE WILL HAVE: 1) IDENTIFIED FUNCTIONAL, MECHANISTIC PATHWAYS TO UNDERSTAND HOW APEC INFECTION OCCURS IN BROILER CHICKENS, AND 2) PROVIDED MECHANISTIC EXPLANATIONS ENABLING THE DESIGN OF ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF APEC INFECTION. THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE MICROBIAL MECHANISMS BY WHICH PRODUCTION-RELATED HEAT STRESS INITIATES E. COLI INFECTION IN BROILER CHICKENS IS EXPECTED TO SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVE OUR ABILITY TO PREVENT E. COLI RESPIRATORY INFECTION AND COLIBACILLOSIS.
$454,376Agricultural Research Service · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Metabolomic Biomarkers Predictors of Long-term Success Following Bariatric surgery
$454,325Blandine B Laferrere · Columbia University Health Sciences · R01 · FY2015 · DK
Molecular basis of glycan recognition by T and B cells
$454,191Luc Teyton · Scripps Research Institute, The · P01 · FY2024 · AI
Molecular basis of glycan recognition by T and B cells
$454,191Luc Teyton · Scripps Research Institute, The · P01 · FY2023 · AI
Research Training in Gastroenterology and Hepatology
$453,983Jean-Pierre Raufman · University Of Maryland Baltimore · T32 · FY2023 · DK
Mechanisms of Metal Ion Homeostasis of Oral Streptococci
$453,948Jose A Lemos · University Of Florida · R01 · FY2025 · DE
Genetic Transmission of Componenets of the Human Gut Microbiome
$453,919Andrew G Clark · Cornell University · R01 · FY2017 · DK
Clinical treatment of advanced Merkel cell carcinoma
$453,913Isaac Brownell · National Institute Of Arthritis And Musculoskeletal And Skin Diseases · ZIA · FY2023 · AR
The Preterm Infant Microbiome: Biological, Behavioral and Health Outcomes at 2 and 4 years of Age
$453,888Maureen Edith Groer · University Of South Florida · R01 · FY2019 · NR
Pr 3: Influence of the LTbetaR Network on Colitis and the Microbiome.
$453,884Mitchell Kronenberg · Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · P01 · FY2019 · DK
Systemic immunoregulatory consequences of bacterial translocation during health and disease
$453,822Marlies Meisel · University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh · R01 · FY2022 · DK
Harnessing Sleep and Biological Rhythms to Improve Postoperative Recovery
$453,750Lei Gao · Massachusetts General Hospital · R35 · FY2025 · GM
Genomics and Computational Biology Shared Resource
$453,745Kelly A Frazer · University Of California, San Diego · P30 · FY2022 · CA
I2 Control= Modulating Innate Immunity to Achieve Control of HIV
$453,739Rafick-Pierre Sekaly · Emory University · P01 · FY2023 · AI
Deciphering How Bacterial Surface Properties Influence Social Behaviors
$453,621Stephen Paul Diggle · Georgia Institute Of Technology · R56 · FY2024 · AI