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38,696 grants matching “als”
Clinical Procedures to Support Research in ALS (CAPTURE-ALS)
$558,176Michael Benatar · University Of Miami School Of Medicine · U54 · FY2025 · NS
THE OH MEINEL BAND EMISSIONS ORIGINATING FROM VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED HYDROXYL RADICALS OH(V) REPRESENT SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AIRGLOW FEATURES IN THE EARTH'S UPPER ATMOSPHERE. SUCH EMISSIONS WERE ALSO OBSERVED IN THE NIGHT SIDE OF VENUS DURING THE VENUS EXPRESS MISSION [PICCIONI ET AL. A&A 483 L29-L33 (2008)]. DATA OBTAINED BY CRISM (COMPACT RECONNAISSANCE IMAGING SPECTROMETER FOR MARS) ABOARD THE MRO (MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER) REVEALED OH(V) EMISSIONS IN THE NIGHTGLOW OF MARS [CLANCY ET AL. ICARUS 226 272-281 (2013)]. MODELING STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT THE PREDICTED OH(V) EMISSION INTENSITIES CAN VARY DRAMATICALLY DEPENDING ON THE NATURE OF THE VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION MECHANISM ASSUMED [E.G. GARCIA MUNOZ ET AL. ICARUS 176 75-95 (2005)]. DESPITE SEVERAL INVESTIGATIONS THE DETAILS OF THE RELEVANT OH(V) RELAXATION KINETICS AND PATHWAYS IN CO2 ARE NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD. THIS IS THE IMPORTANT PROBLEM THAT THE PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL ADDRESS WITH A COMBINATION OF LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AND ATMOSPHERIC MODEL CALCULATIONS. OUR RECENT STUDIES DEMONSTRATED A PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN EFFICIENT PATHWAY FOR VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION OF OH(V) BY O ATOMS THAT COUPLES THE MESOSPHERIC OH(V) EMISSIONS WITH THE CO2 4.3-MICRON EMISSION AND RESOLVES A LONG-STANDING PROBLEM OF SEVERE DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN MODEL PREDICTIONS AND OBSERVATIONS OF THE 4.3-MICRON EMISSION IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE [PANKA ET AL. ACP 17 9751-9760 (2017); KALOGERAKIS ET AL. GRL 43 8835-8843 (2016)]. THIS RECENT BREAKTHROUGH DEVELOPMENT HIGHLIGHTS THE IMPORTANCE OF INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISTIC DETAILS OF OH(V) COLLISIONAL ENERGY TRANSFER VIA SYNERGISTIC LABORATORY AND MODELING EFFORTS. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO INVESTIGATE OH(V) VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION RELEVANT TO THE ATMOSPHERES OF MARS AND VENUS. IMPORTANT AREAS OF INTEREST ARE DETERMINING KEY OH(V) + CO2 RATE CONSTANTS AT TEMPERATURES RELEVANT TO THE ALTITUDE OF THE EMISSION LAYER AND ELUCIDATING THE PATHWAYS OF OH(V) VIBRATIONAL ENERGY RELAXATION. THE MEINEL OH(V) EMISSIONS CAN BE USED AS AN INDICATOR OF ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION VARIABILITY CIRCULATION GRAVITY WAVES AND AS A PROBE OF LOCAL TEMPERATURE. A DETAILED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SOURCES AND SINKS OF THESE EMISSIONS IS A PREREQUISITE BEFORE THEY CAN BE RELIABLY USED AS A PROXY FOR THE AFOREMENTIONED PROCESSES. AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF THE PROPOSED WORK WILL BE TO APPLY THE LABORATORY RESULTS INTO DETAILED REPRESENTATIVE MODELS OF THE NONLOCAL- THERMODYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM (NON-LTE) OH AND CO2 VIBRATIONAL LEVEL POPULATIONS AT THE OH EMISSION LAYERS OF MARS AND VENUS AND EVALUATE THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COUPLING BETWEEN THE OH MEINEL AND CO2 4.3-MICRON EMISSIONS. THE LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS WILL EMPLOY LASER SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED AND USED AT SRI INTERNATIONAL. A PULSED ULTRAVIOLET LASER PHOTODISSOCIATES OZONE IN A GAS MIXTURE THAT ALSO CONTAINS ARGON CARBON DIOXIDE AND A SUITABLE H-ATOM-CONTAINING MOLECULE. THE INITIAL PHOTODISSOCIATION STEP GENERATES THE OH(V) VIBRATIONAL LEVEL OF INTEREST. AN ADDITIONAL NEAR-INFRARED PULSE CAN BE USED TO CREATE EVEN HIGHER OH(V) LEVELS. FINALLY A DELAYED LASER PULSE FROM A TUNABLE DYE LASER MONITORS THE TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF OH(V). THE MODELING STUDIES WILL EMPLOY STATE-OF-THE-ART NON-LTE MODELS APPROPRIATE FOR THE ATMOSPHERES OF MARS AND VENUS. UNDERSTANDING THE DETAILS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES OCCURRING IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES IS A MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF THE NASA SOLAR SYSTEM WORKINGS PROGRAM. THE PROPOSED LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS AND MODELING CALCULATIONS WILL INVESTIGATE THE KEY VIBRATIONAL RELAXATION KINETICS AND MECHANISMS INVOLVING OH(V) + CO2 UNDER CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO THE ATMOSPHERES OF MARS AND VENUS. THE RESULTS OF THIS RESEARCH ARE ESSENTIAL FOR AN ACCURATE AND RELIABLE UNDERSTANDING OF OH(V) AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES.
$558,091Sri International · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Explaining Disparities in the Care of Older Patients
$558,055Julie T Irish · Tufts Medical Center · R01 · FY2006 · AG
Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of blocking the mitochondrial Mg2+ channel Mrs2 in obesity and NAFLD
$557,993Madesh Muniswamy · University Of Texas Hlth Science Center · R01 · FY2023 · DK
Varenicline for Methamphetamine Dependence
$557,968Steven Shoptaw · University Of California Los Angeles · R01 · FY2013 · DA
Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Congenital Heart Disease
$557,906Ivan Paul Moskowitz · University Of Chicago · R01 · FY2017 · HL
EXAMINING THE EFFICACY OF 'PARENTS WHO CARE'
$557,892University Of Washington · R01 · FY2001 · DA
Immune-related mechanisms in the pathogenic processes of retinal degeneration
$557,643Igal Gery · National Eye Institute · ZIA · FY2014 · EY
Biobehavioral mechanisms of topiramate and drinking
$557,621Peter M. Monti · Brown University · R01 · FY2008 · AA
Targeting antigen to dendritic cells in autoimmune diabetes
$557,574Kristin Tarbell · National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases · ZIA · FY2012 · DK
How Parents Support Young Children's Mathematical Thinking Across SES
$557,537Melissa Libertus · University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh · R01 · FY2021 · HD
A Precision Medicine Approach to Investigating the Molecular Impact of Age and Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV (PLWH)
$557,486Teresa Evering · Weill Medical Coll Of Cornell Univ · R21 · FY2021 · NS
Reducing residual depressive symptoms with web-based Mindful Mood Balance
$557,481Zindel V Segal · University Of Toronto · R01 · FY2014 · MH
Developmental Phonological Disorders
$557,407Lawrence D Shriberg · University Of Wisconsin-Madison · R01 · FY2016 · DC
Individual Differences Listening in Noise in Clinically Normal-hearing Adults
$557,372Robert A Lutfi · University Of South Florida · R01 · FY2023 · DC
Using a YMCA Exercise Program to Enhance Nicotine Dependence Treatment for Women
$557,368Bess Hya Marcus · Miriam Hospital · R01 · FY2006 · DA
Prize CM for Cocaine Dependent Methadone Patients
$557,357Sheila Marie Alessi · University Of Connecticut Sch Of Med/Dnt · R01 · FY2014 · DA
Caloric Restriction Biomarkers Predict Type II Diabetes?
$557,342Bruce S Kristal · Winifred Masterson Burke Med Res Inst · R01 · FY2006 · AG
Nortriptyline-mediated attenuation of alpha-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease
$557,329Timothy J. Collier · Michigan State University · R01 · FY2017 · NS
Temporal analysis of the GBM tumor microenvironment during myeloid cell activating therapy
$557,266Ralph Weissleder · Massachusetts General Hospital · R01 · FY2024 · CA
Mechanisms of Motor Neuron Death
$557,237Johns Hopkins University · R01 · FY2005 · NS
Biobehavioral mechanisms of topiramate and drinking
$557,191Peter M. Monti · Brown University · R01 · FY2007 · AA
Longitudinal Outcome of College Students with ADHD
$557,177Arthur David Anastopoulos · University Of North Carolina Greensboro · R01 · FY2013 · MH
Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder
$557,161Diana L Robins · Drexel University · R01 · FY2018 · HD
Molecular Digital CytoImaging for Leukemia Drug Screening
$557,147Tothu Q Vu · Oregon Health & Science University · R01 · FY2022 · CA