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38,696 grants matching “als”
Immunomodulatory drug interventions for the prevention of host immune responses toward AAV-delivered anti-HIV antibodies
$630,197Sebastian Patrick Fuchs · University Of Miami School Of Medicine · R21 · FY2025 · OD
THE INSIGHT MISSION WILL RETURN CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF WINDS PRESSURE AND AIR AND GROUND TEMPERATURE OVER MULTIPLE SEASONS MAKING IT OF HUGE INTEREST TO THOSE WORKING ON MARS WEATHER AS WELL AS ON RELATED FIELDS SUCH AS DUST DEVILS AND AEOLIAN PROCESSES. THE INVESTIGATION PROPOSED HERE WILL GAIN INSIGHT BY DIRECT ANALYSIS OF THE DATASET COMPARISON WITH NUMERICAL MODELING (BY MESOSCALE AND LARGE EDDY SIMULATION) OF THE LANDING SITE ATMOSPHERE AND COMPARISON WITH MARS SCIENCE LABORATORY (MSL) ATMOSPHERIC DATA. THE GOAL OF THIS PROPOSAL IS IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF WEATHER DUST DEVIL ACTIVITY AND AEOLIAN PROCESSES ON MARS VIA THE ANALYSIS OF INSIGHT MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR COMPARISON WITH ATMOSPHERIC MODEL PREDICTIONS. THIS GOAL IS ADDRESSED THROUGH FOUR INTERRELATED INVESTIGATIONS: 1. DETERMINE THE CONTROLS ON THE DIURNAL AND SEASONAL PRESSURE CYCLE. HAVING ATMOSPHERIC DATA AT TWO LOCATIONS (MSL AND INSIGHT) IS VERY VALUABLE. MSL IS AT A SIMILAR LONGITUDE AND ONLY 9DEG AWAY IN LATITUDE BUT WITH VERY DIFFERENT LOCAL TOPOGRAPHY AND IN THE OPPOSITE HEMISPHERE HENCE REGULAR MSL PRESSURE MONITORING MAY BE COMBINED WITH CONTINUOUS INSIGHT MONITORING TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF DIFFERENT CIRCULATION COMPONENTS (FROM THE CO2 CYCLE AND HADLEY CELL TO TIDES AND TRAVELING WAVES TO CRATER TOPOGRAPHY) TO THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL PRESSURE CYCLES. 2. UNDERSTAND REGIONAL FLOWS NEAR THE DICHOTOMY BOUNDARY. ALTHOUGH MSL'S WIND SENSOR IS NO LONGER IN USE THE SEASONAL RECORD OF WINDS IN GALE WILL BE COMPARED WITH INSIGHT WINDS TO BUILD A BETTER PICTURE OF THE REGIONAL FLOW IN THIS AREA. COMPARISON WITH MODELS WILL BE USED TO ASSESS THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE HADLEY OVERTURNING CIRCULATION DICHOTOMY BOUNDARY SLOPE FLOWS TIDAL FLOWS ETC. TO THE PATTERN OF WINDS IN THIS REGION. 3. UNDERSTAND VORTEX ACTIVITY. SHORT DEEP PRESSURE DROPS WILL BE USED TO INDICATE CONVECTIVE VORTEX PASSAGE. THEIR DEPENDENCE ON TIME OF DAY AND SEASON ARE IMPORTANT FOR CONSTRAINING OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER WHERE THEY FORM AND ALSO VITAL TO UNDERSTAND A MAJOR MECHANISM OF DUST LIFTING. AN IN SITU DATASET OF BOTH VORTICES AND THE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS IN WHICH THEY FORMED AT ONE LOCATION OVER MULTIPLE SEASONS WILL BE INVALUABLE BOTH FOR UNDERSTANDING THEIR DEPENDENCE ON ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND FOR VALIDATING MODELS AND THEORIES OF VORTEX PRODUCTION AND DUST DEVIL-BASED DUST LIFTING. BOTH MESOSCALE AND LES MODELING WILL BE USED TO PREDICT VORTEX ACTIVITY WITH A COMPARISON WITH OBSERVATIONS USED TO INDICATE DEFICIENCIES IN THE MODELS OR THEORY. 4. MONITOR AEOLIAN ACTIVITY AND INFER THRESHOLDS FOR PARTICLE MOTION. WIND DATA WILL BE COMPARED WITH A) TEMPORAL CHANGES IN AEOLIAN FEATURES AND B) CHANGES IN SURFACE SOIL DECK OR SOLAR PANEL DUST COVER BETWEEN TWO IMAGES IN ORDER TO INFER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENT SUCH AS THE THRESHOLD FOR SALTATION. AEOLIAN FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS WILL ALSO BE PREDICTED USING WIND DATA AND MODEL OUTPUT AND COMPARED WITH OBSERVATIONS TO ASSESS AEOLIAN THEORY AND MODEL PERFORMANCE. THE PI HAS SIGNIFICANT EXPERIENCE IN WORKING ON SUCH INVESTIGATIONS AS A MEMBER OF THE MSL SCIENCE TEAM [E.G. BRIDGES ET AL. 2017]. THE PI WILL PARTICIPATE STRONGLY IN THE ATMOSPHERE THEME GROUP AS SHE DOES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL THEME GROUP ON MSL AND ALSO IN THE GEOLOGY THEME GROUP TO E.G. HELP INTERPRET / DISSEMINATE METEOROLOGICAL DATA AND PROVIDE INPUT INTO WHEN HIGHER RESOLUTION DATA SHOULD BE SOUGHT. THE PI IS AN ASSOCIATE TEAM MEMBER ON REMS AND A CO-I ON THE MARS ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS ANALYZER ON MARS2020 WITH STRONG EXPERTISE IN WORKING WITH MARS IN SITU ATMOSPHERIC DATA IN GENERAL AND IN PARTICULAR WITH THE WIND SENSORS TO BE FLOWN ON INSIGHT. THIS INVESTIGATION IS RELEVANT TO THE INSIGHT MISSION AND PROGRAM BECAUSE IT WILL "EXPAND ON OR ENHANCE THE SCIENCE RETURN OF THE INSIGHT PROJECT" AND INCREASE OUR ABILITY TO "BETTER UNDERSTAND MARTIAN METEOROLOGY."
$630,000Aeolis Research Inc · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC WAVES REMAINS THE MOST DIRECT WAY TO EXPLORE AND CONSTRAIN PLANETARY INTERIORS. THE STRUCTURE THEY SAMPLE WHILE TRAVELING THROUGH THE PLANET CAN BE INFERRED FROM MEASUREMENTS OF GROUND MOTION RECORDED BY INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS INSIGHT'S SEISMOMETER SEIS. THE KEY OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO CONSTRAIN THE MID AND DEEP MANTLE OF MARS USING SEISMIC DATA WITH SENSITIVITY TO STRUCTURE THAT COMPLEMENTS THE ANALYSES ALREADY PLANNED BY THE INSIGHT SCIENCE TEAM. THEY HAVE PLANNED TO MEASURE FUNDAMENTAL MODE SURFACE WAVE DISPERSION TO GET PRELIMINARY MODELS OF THE SHALLOW MANTLE STRUCTURE AND NORMAL MODES TO ESTIMATE MARS GLOBAL AVERAGE STRUCTURE DOWN TO THE CORE. THESE MODELS WILL BE IMPROVED BY INCLUDING IMPACTGENERATED BODY WAVES. THOSE HAVE HOWEVER POOR VERTICAL RESOLUTION. SURFACE WAVE DISPERSION HAS MUCH GREATER DEPTH SENSITIVITY TO SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY STRUCTURE BUT FUNDAMENTAL MODE SURFACE WAVES ONLY SAMPLE THE SHALLOW PART OF THE MANTLE. ON EARTH THEY ARE TYPICALLY MEASURED AT PERIODS OF 50-200 S WHICH CAN RESOLVE STRUCTURE DOWN TO ABOUT 200 KM DEPTH. SIMILAR DEPTH RESOLUTION IS EXPECTED ON MARS FROM THE INVERSION OF FUNDAMENTAL MODE RAYLEIGH WAVES (PANNING ET AL. 2015 2016). HIGHER MODE SURFACE WAVES HAVE SENSITIVITY TO DEEPER STRUCTURE THAN FUNDAMENTAL MODES ARE THUS A POWERFUL TOOL TO CONSTRAIN THE MANTLE AT LARGE DEPTHS (BEGHEIN&TRAMPERT 2004; YUAN AND BEGHEIN 2013). HIGHER MODE DISPERSION MEASUREMENTS THEREFORE PROVIDE UNIQUE CONSTRAINTS TO MID MANTLE STRUCTURE COMPLEMENTING OBSERVABLES FROM FUNDAMENTAL MODE SURFACE WAVES AND NORMAL MODE CENTRAL FREQUENCIES AND DO NOT REQUIRE SEISMIC EVENTS AS LARGE AS THOSE NEEDED TO EXCITE FREE OSCILLATIONS (ON EARTH ONE CAN DETECT HIGHER MODES WITH EVENTS OF MAGNITUDE 6 WHILE MAGNITUDE 7 OR LARGER IS PREFERABLE TO MEASURE NORMAL MODES). HIGHER MODES SURFACE WAVES ARE DIFFICULT TO MEASURE AND REQUIRE SOPHISTICATED TECHNIQUES. WE RECENTLY DEVELOPED A BAYESIAN NONLINEAR WAVEFORM MODELING METHOD BASED ON A MARKOV CHAIN MONTE CARLO (MCMC) APPROACH TO MEASURE THEIR DISPERSION WITH QUANTITATIVE UNCERTAINTIES AND RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT (XU&BEGHEIN 2017). SUCH FORWARD MODELING METHODS ARE NOT ONLY IMPORTANT TO RETRIEVE STRUCTURE AT DEPTH WHEN INVERTING A LIMITED DATASET BUT THEY ARE ALSO POWERFUL TO MEASURE AND RETRIEVE SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION FROM NOISY SEISMIC DATA OR FROM OVERLAPPING MODES AS PROPOSED HERE. THIS APPLICATION OF THIS METHOD TO THE INSIGHT SEISMIC DATA WILL RESULT IN HIGHER MODE DISPERSION CURVES WITH QUANTITATIVE UNCERTAINTIES THAT WILL BE INVERTED TO CONSTRAIN STRUCTURE AT DEPTH. THE PROPOSED WORK WILL BE DIVIDED INTO TWO MAIN TASKS: TASK 1: BAYESIAN DISPERSION CURVE MEASUREMENTS. WE WILL PERFORM NON-LINEAR MODELING OF FILTERED SEISMOGRAMS WITH A MCMC BAYESIAN TECHNIQUE TO EXTRACT DISPERSION CURVES OF FUNDAMENTAL AND HIGHER MODE RAYLEIGH WAVES USING EVENTS LOCATED BY OTHER MEMBERS OF THE INSIGHT TEAM FOLLOWING PANNING ET AL. (2016). THIS TASK WILL BE REPEATED WHEN NEW SEISMIC DATA BECOME AVAILABLE. TASK 2: NON-LINEAR MODELING OF MANTLE STRUCTURE. WE WILL JOIN FORCES WITH THE REST OF THE TEAM TO MODEL MARS MANTLE STRUCTURE WITH A NON-LINEAR MCMC METHOD (WEIDNER&BEGHEIN 2017). THIS WILL BE DONE BY COMBINING OUR MEASURED DISPERSION CURVES WITH CRUSTAL CONSTRAINTS OBTAINED BY THE INSIGHT TEAM FROM MEASUREMENTS OF RECEIVER FUNCTION BROADBAND RAYLEIGH WAVE ELLIPTICITY AND NORMAL MODE CENTRAL FREQUENCIES IF AVAILABLE. THIS WORK WILL CONTRIBUTE TO RESEARCH IN INSIGHT'S DEEP INTERIOR THEME GROUP. IT WILL HELP DETERMINE THE THICKNESS AND STRUCTURE OF THE MANTLE WHICH IN TURN WILL AFFECT OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE THERMAL STATE OF THE INTERIOR. IT WILL HELP UNCOVER THE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF MARS AND OTHER TERRESTRIAL PLANETS WHICH IS ONE OF INSIGHT'S PRIMARY SCIENCE GOALS. HIGHER MODE SURFACE WAVE ANALYSIS WILL BE CONDUCTED AS PART OF MARS STRUCTURE SERVICE.
$629,986University Of California, Los Angeles · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Increasing availability and acceptability of medical male circumcision in Zambia
$629,980Stephen M. Weiss · University Of Miami School Of Medicine · R01 · FY2016 · MH
Pharmacology of HIV Viral DNA Retroviral Integrases
$629,907Yves Pommier · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2013 · CA
Modulating Low-Frequency Cortical Population Dynamics to Augment Motor Function After Stroke
$629,805Karunesh Ganguly · University Of California, San Francisco · R01 · FY2023 · NS
Structural Bioinformatics
$629,777Byungkook Lee · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2011 · CA
Neurobiology and Treatment of Reading Disability in NF1
$629,726Laurie E Cutting · Vanderbilt University · R01 · FY2017 · HD
Molecular mechanisms of synapse development and plasticity
$629,719Zheng Li · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2014 · MH
Characterizing the function of miRNAs in neural development, synaptic plasticity and schizophrenia.
$629,719Zheng Li · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2014 · MH
Emergent Social Environments As Predictors of Recovery Resident Outcomes
$629,683Leonard A Jason · De Paul University · R01 · FY2017 · AA
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (TEM) STUDY OF RADIATION INFLUENCED DEFECTS IN (AL,GA)N ON SI
$629,682Regents Of The University Of California, The · · FY2012 · Department of the Navy
Structural Bioinformatics
$629,654Byungkook Lee · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2009 · CA
Biochemical and molecular heterogeneity of human TDP-43 proteinopathies in age-related dementias
$629,616Silvia Porta Antolinez · University Of Pennsylvania · R01 · FY2024 · AG
Genome-wide Light-inducible Tuning of Transcriptional Network Dynamic
$629,595Paola Arlotta · Harvard University · R01 · FY2013 · NS
The Role of Adenine Nucleotide Translocase in Mitochondrial Dysfunction Associated Senescence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
$629,588Corrine R Kliment · University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh · R01 · FY2025 · HL
DEVELOPMENT OF (11C)CPPC AS A CLINICAL PET RADIO-LIGAND BIOMARKER OF MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION IN ALS
$629,545The Johns Hopkins University · · FY2022 · Defense Health Agency
Neuron vasculature interactions in pain
$629,503Jun-Ming Zhang · University Of Cincinnati · R01 · FY2024 · NS
Optimal Management of HIV Infected Adults at Risk for Kidney Disease in Nigeria
$629,406William Wester · Vanderbilt University Medical Center · U01 · FY2018 · DK
Mechanisms of chimeric DPR production and toxicity in c9ALS/FTD
$629,343Zachary Thomas McEachin · Emory University · R01 · FY2025 · NS
Effectiveness of a Web-enhanced Parenting Program for Military Families
$629,335Abigail Gewirtz · University Of Minnesota · R01 · FY2011 · DA
Multi-Center Academic-Industrial Partnership for Personalized Al-Enabled High Count PET
$629,316Chi Liu · Yale University · R01 · FY2025 · CA
Environmental/Behavioral Factors Shaping Circumcision Decisions in Zimbabwe
$629,206Daniel E Montano · Battelle Centers/Pub Hlth Res & Evaluatn · R01 · FY2011 · MH
Beta Amyloid Deposits Imaged with 18F-AZD4694 and Postmortem Histology
$629,160Frederick Oliver Cope · Navidea Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. · R44 · FY2014 · AG
Automating Behavioral Coding via Text-Mining and Speech Signal Processing
$629,070David Charles Atkins · University Of Washington · R01 · FY2010 · AA