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38,696 grants matching “als”
Lipids in Brain Disease and Neuroinflammation: Animal Models
$885,157Stanley I Rapoport · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2011 · AG
THE GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO DEVELOP CONVERSATION ANALYSIS TO MEASURE AND MITIGATE INAPPROPRIATE TRUST IN VIRTUAL ASSISTANTS. THESE TRUST MEASUREMENTS WILL GUIDE SYSTEM DESIGN PARTICULARLY THE MULTIMODAL INTERACTIONS AND MODE SWITCHING AS WELL AS HOW TO MITIGATE OVER TRUST AND TRUST RECOVERY. WE WILL USE CONVERSATION ANALYSIS TO MEASURE TRUST AT MULTIPLE TIME-SCALES FROM REAL-TIME INTERACTIONS TO LONGITUDINAL MONITORING OF TRUST OVER A LONG DURATION EXPLORATION MISSION. CONVERSATION ANALYSIS PROVIDES A PROMISING BUT RELATIVELY UNEXPLORED APPROACH TO MEASURING TRUST. WE PROPOSE A CONVERSATION ANALYSIS AT THE MICRO MESO AND MACRO LEVELS WHICH INCLUDES NOT JUST THE WORDS BUT ALSO PAUSES AND FACIAL EXPRESSIONS. SPECIFICALLY AT THE MICRO-LEVEL CONVERSATION ELEMENTS INCLUDE VOICE INFLECTIONS PAUSES BETWEEN WORKS AND KEYSTROKES GAZE SHIFTS AND FACIAL EXPRESSIONS. THE MESO-LEVEL ANALYSIS INCLUDES WORDS EXCHANGED DURING INTERACTIONS WITH THE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT ALONG WITH OTHER TEAM INTERACTIONS AS THEY RELATE TO THE AUTOMATION. AT THE MACRO LEVEL CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS CONSIDERS INTERACTION TIME INTERACTION EFFORT FREQUENCY OF INTERACTION TURN-TAKING BARGING IN TENDENCY AND WHETHER IT IS THE PERSON OR THE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT WHO INITIATES THE INTERACTION. ADDITIONALLY PRIOR RESEARCH INTO CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS INDICATES THERE ARE NOVEL WAYS OF MANAGING OR CALIBRATING TRUST THROUGH THE PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION E.G. MANIPULATING THE TONE AND CADENCE OF THE SYSTEM WHEN USING SPEECH AND THROUGH FACIAL EXPRESSIONS (NASS&BRAVE 2005; DESTENO ET. AL. 2012). DUE TO TIME DELAYS IN COMMUNICATION LONG DURATION EXPLORATION MISSIONS WILL REQUIRE GREATER CREW AUTONOMY AND GREATER RELIANCE ON AUTOMATION. FOR THIS APPROACH TO WORK TRUST CALIBRATION NEEDS TO BE ENGINEERED INTO THE SYSTEM. TRUST IS A CRITICAL CONSTRUCT THAT MEDIATES HOW WELL HUMAN OPERATORS USE AUTOMATED SYSTEMS SUCH AS VIRTUAL ASSISTANTS THAT PROVIDE DECISION SUPPORT. TRUST AFFECTS PEOPLE.S WILLINGNESS TO RELY ON AUTOMATED SYSTEMS IN SITUATIONS THAT HAVE A DEGREE OF UNCERTAINTY AND RISK. TRUST STRONGLY AFFECTS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HUMAN-AGENT COLLABORATION PARTICULARLY IN THE WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT SUGGESTIONS FROM A VIRTUAL ASSISTANT. KNOWING WHETHER OR NOT TO TRUST AUTOMATION CAN BE FURTHER COMPLICATED BY LACK OF SLEEP WORKLOAD TASK RISK AND TASK COMPLEXITY. MOREOVER AS WE CONTINUE TO PUSH THE LIMITS OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND RELY ON THEM MORE AS DECISION AIDS TRUST CALIBRATION (I.E. OPERATOR TRUST IS AT A LEVEL WHICH MATCHES THE AUTOMATION'S CAPABILITIES) BECOMES ESSENTIAL TO MISSION EXECUTION. APPROPRIATE CALIBRATION OF TRUST REQUIRES MATCHING THE OPERATORS TRUST TO THE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT.S CURRENT CAPABILITIES. CALIBRATION OF TRUST IS NOT SOMETHING THAT CAN HAPPEN ONCE BUT MUST OCCUR THROUGHOUT THE LIFECYCLE OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN OPERATOR AND AUTOMATED SYSTEM (HOFFMAN ET AL. 2009). TRUST IS A DYNAMIC CONSTRUCT THAT CONTINUOUSLY INCREASES AND DECREASES DUE TO A NUMBER OF FACTORS PRIMARY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM I.E. HIGHER PERFORMANCE LEADS TO HIGHER TRUST AND VICE VERSA. ALTHOUGH MUCH EFFORT FOCUSSES ON CREATING MORE CAPABLE AND TRUSTWORTHY AUTOMATION LESS EFFORT HAS CONSIDERED THE EQUALLY IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION OF CREATING TRUSTABLE AUTOMATION. TRUSTABLE AUTOMATION IS AUTOMATION THAT IS UNDERSTANDABLE AND THAT NATURALLY PROMOTES CALIBRATED TRUST. THEREFORE WE AIM TO CREATE TRUSTABLE AUTOMATION BY CONTINUOUSLY MEASURING OPERATORS. TRUST UNOBTRUSIVELY AND IN REAL-TIME AND THEN USE THIS MEASURE TO GUIDE THE VIRTUAL AGENT TO EMPLOY ONE OR MORE COUNTERMEASURES TO CALIBRATE TRUST AND IMPROVE HUMAN-SYSTEM PERFORMANCE.
$885,155University Of Wisconsin System · · FY2020 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Identification of non-coding RNAs to therapeutically target undruggable pathways in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
$884,938Elsa R Flores · H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Ctr & Res Inst · R35 · FY2019 · CA
Protein Stability, Folding, Macromolecular Associations, and Ligand Binding
$884,537Ann Ginsburg · National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute · Z01 · FY2008 · HL
Exploring the involvement of Na pump inhibitor marinobufagenin in the interactions between age-associated vascular and neurodegenerative processes in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
$884,511Olga V Fedorova · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2016 · AG
In-home prevention of SA risks for Native teen families
$883,925Johns Hopkins University · R01 · FY2005 · DA
Cell-free assay technologies for the identification of active compounds
$883,499Barry Okeefe · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2018 · CA
Resources for X-ray Tomography of Whole Cells
$883,067Carolyn A Larabell · University Of California, San Francisco · P41 · FY2008 · RR
Disease prognostication and treatment response in rectal cancer patients
$882,867Karl Ried · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2019 · CA
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging Studies of Brain Functions
$882,597Jun Shen · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2013 · MH
Canine models for characterization, diagnosis, and treatment of human cancers using comparative canine-human transcriptomics
$882,530Gregory Tawa · National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences · ZIA · FY2023 · TR
Emotions Matter:Classroom-based Integrated Intervention
$882,107University Of Chicago · R01 · FY2005 · HD
TARGETING CNS EXPRESSION OF CHITINASES AS A NOVEL THERAPY FOR ALS
$881,302Dignity Health · · FY2021 · Defense Health Agency
Biology and Therapy of Lymphopenia
$880,808Crystal Mackall · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2011 · CA
Nicotinic ligands for smoking cessation
$880,202Henry A. Lester · California Institute Of Technology · U19 · FY2008 · DA
Connecting TDP-43 Pathology to the Molecular Profiles of Neurodegeneration
$879,816Molly Gale Hammell · New York University School Of Medicine · R01 · FY2024 · NS
EVALUATION OF SMALL MOLECULE FERROPTOSIS INHIBITORS IN A GPX4 ALS MODEL
$879,721The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York · · FY2025 · Defense Health Agency
Neuroimaging of Brain Circuits and Neurogenetic Mechanisms in Normal Cognition
$879,394Karen Faith Berman · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2013 · MH
ORIGINAL PROPOSAL ADDRESSED ASTROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS FOR THE POINT OF VIEW OF THREE TYPES OF OBSERVATIONS: MODULE (1) COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF SPECTRA FROM WARM EXTRASOLAR JUPITERS; MODULE (2) ISOTOPIC RATIOS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM BY OBSERVING GIANT PLANETS TRITON PLUTO CHARON AND TITAN; MODULE (3) GLOBAL MONITORING OF MARS AND TITAN FOR TEMPORAL CHANGES.THE PROGRAM AND ITS RATIONALE REMAIN MUCH THE SAME ALTHOUGH SOME OBJECTS HAVE BEEN ADDED AND OTHERS DROPPED BASED ON MORE RECENT DATA AND NEW METHODS OF OBSERVATIONS. WITH THE DEMONSTRATED UTILITY OF TRANSIT OBSERVATIONS OF EXOPLANETS THE METHOD OF OBSERVATIONS OF EXTRASOLAR PLANETS IN MODULE (1) HAS BEEN CHANGED FROM CORONAGRAPHY TO TRANSITS. THE SOLAR SYSTEM'S GIANT PLANETS WILL BE DROPPED FROM MODULE (2) BECAUSE OF PROBLEMS IN DEALING WITH THE LARGE BRIGHTNESSES OF JUPITER AND SATURN (NORWOOD ET AL. 2016) AND HERSCHEL HAS ALREADY MEASURED HD IN URANUS AND NEPTUNE. WE WILL ADD ERIS NOT YET DISCOVERED WHEN THE ORIGINAL PROPOSAL WAS WRITTEN TO THE LIST OF KBO'S TO OBSERVE. MODULE (3) REMAINS THE SAME EXCEPT MORE EMPHASIS WILL BE PLACED ON TITAN RATHER THAN ASSIGNING EQUAL TIME TO IT AND MARS.WE REGARD THESE AS MINOR CHANGES AND PROVIDE ONLY UPDATES TO THE OBSERVING PROGRAM IN EACH OF THE MODULES. THE SCIENCE INVESTIGATIONS REMAIN ESSENTIALLY THE SAME.NOTE WE ARE ALSO REQUESTING SUPPORT FOR MAINTAINING CASSIS THE CORNELL ATLAS OF SPITZER IRS SOURCES AS A GENERAL RESOURCE FOR THE COMMUNITY IN PLANNING JWST OBSERVATIONS.
$879,356Cornell University · · FY2017 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Early Markers of Alzheimer Disease
$879,304Susan Resnick · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2023 · AG
What determines the location of meiotic crossovers in the mammalian genome?
$879,232Rafael Camerini-Otero · National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases · ZIA · FY2013 · DK
Eritoran (E5564), a TLR4 antagonist, as a novel therapeutic for influenza
$878,832Stefanie N. Vogel · University Of Maryland Baltimore · R01 · FY2014 · AI
Point of care microfluidic diagnosis system for rapid and sensitive detection of
$878,525Michel G. Bergeron · Laval University · R01 · FY2010 · AI
Structure and function of eukaryotic DNA transposases
$878,398Frederick Dyda · National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases · ZIA · FY2019 · DK
The BRAIN App: Building Relationships using Artificial Intelligence and Nostalgia
$878,369Michael John Skrajner · Hopeful Aging Llc · R44 · FY2024 · AG