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91,797 grants matching “obesity”
The Impact of Maternal Health and Diet on Development of Fetal Metabolic Systems
$1,635,211Kevin L Grove · Oregon Health & Science University · R24 · FY2011 · DK
Neuronal mechanisms of image processing in the early visual pathway
$1,635,000Jose-Manuel Alonso · State College Of Optometry · R01 · FY2025 · EY
Post-transcriptional regulation of energy usage: glucose and lipid metabolism
$1,634,913Myriam Gorospe · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2018 · AG
CAM Center for Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammation
$1,634,796Prakash S. Nagarkatti · University Of South Carolina At Columbia · P01 · FY2016 · AT
Endocannabinoids And Energy Homeostasis
$1,634,408George Kunos · National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism · ZIA · FY2009 · AA
Neuropeptides and Carboxypeptidase E/ Neurotrophic Factor-alpha1 in Neural and Cognitive Functions
$1,634,351Yoke Peng Loh · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development · ZIA · FY2020 · HD
PROMINENT - UCSF
$1,633,912Allan Balmain · University Of California, San Francisco · OT2 · FY2024 · CA
NATIONAL CHILDREN'S STUDY
$1,633,136Lew Berman · Icf, Inc., Llc · N01 · FY2014 · HD
CAM Center for Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammation
$1,632,904Prakash S. Nagarkatti · University Of South Carolina At Columbia · P01 · FY2015 · AT
CAM Center for Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammation
$1,632,449Prakash S. Nagarkatti · University Of South Carolina At Columbia · P01 · FY2017 · AT
HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - STUDY OF LATINOS (HCHS-SOL) MIAMI FIELD CENTER - TASK AREA A - CORE STUDY OPERATIONS
$1,631,843Frank Penedo · University Of Miami Coral Gables · N01 · FY2025 · HL
University of Guam/Cancer Research Center of Hawaii Partnership (2 of 2)
$1,631,140Robert A Underwood · University Of Guam · U54 · FY2010 · CA
Energetics, Disparities, & Lifespan: A unified hypothesis
$1,629,879David B Allison · University Of Alabama At Birmingham · R01 · FY2015 · AG
Reversible Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Metabolic Regulation
$1,629,025Eric M Verdin · J. David Gladstone Institutes · R24 · FY2015 · DK
Diabetes Research Center
$1,628,165George L King · Joslin Diabetes Center · P30 · FY2020 · DK
Metagenomic Studies of the Gut Microbiomes of Obese and Lean Twins
$1,628,047Jeffrey Ivan Gordon · Washington University · P01 · FY2015 · DK
Differentiation of tissues in nutrition and metabolism
$1,627,573University Of Pennsylvania · P01 · FY2005 · DK
Clinical Center for Look AHEAD: Health in Diabetes
$1,627,379St. Luke'S-Roosevelt Inst For Hlth Scis · U01 · FY2005 · DK
Tailoring Mobile Health Technology to Reduce Obesity and ImproveCardiovascular Health in Resource-Limited Neighborhood Environments: A Multi-Level, Community-Based Physical Activity Intervention
$1,626,310Tiffany Powell-Wiley · National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute · ZIA · FY2025 · HL
IN REMOTE YUP'IK COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA, ONE OF THE MOST DISADVANTAGED REGIONS IN THE US, 51% OF YUP'IK ALASKA NATIVE 3 YEAR OLDS ARE OBESE. DESPITE THIS ALARMING STATISTIC, ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN ARE SERIOUSLY UNDERREPRESENTED IN OBESITY PREVENTION RESEARCH. THE LONG-TERM GOALS OF THIS INTEGRATED, COMMUNITY BASED PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH PROJECT ARE TO PREVENT OBESITY IN 3-5 YEAR OLD ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN IN REMOTE COMMUNITIES BY ACCOMPLISHING THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES:1) EVALUATE A CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE, HOME-FOCUSED INTERVENTION, TUNDRA GIFTS, THAT LINKS EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMMING (I.E. HEAD START) AND FEDERAL FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS (I.E. WIC AND SNAP) WITH PRIMARY CAREGIVERS TO SUPPORT HEALTHY EATING AND AN ACTIVE LIFESTYLE USING A CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED DESIGN.2) EVALUATE KEY PROCESS INDICATORS OF TUNDRA GIFTS USING THE RE-AIM FRAMEWORK TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT ON OUTCOMES OF VARIATIONS IN PERSONS AND SETTINGS AND TO ENHANCE THE GENERALIZABILITY OF OUR FINDINGS.3) TO ENHANCE LOCAL AND REGIONAL CAPACITY TO PREVENT OBESITY AMONG ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN BY ENGAGING DIETETICS AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAM STUDENTS (THE STATE'S FUTURE WORKFORCE), HEAD START STAFF AND OTHER KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND DISSEMINATION OF THE PROGRAMTHE INTERVENTION, WHICH INCREASES PARENTS' HEALTH, NUTRITION LITERACY, SKILLS AND CONFIDENCE WITH REGARD TO CREATING HEALTHY FOOD AND ACTIVITY ENVIRONMENTS FOR THEIR CHILDREN, IS SCALABLE BY DESIGN AND CAN BE DELIVERED TO REMOTE COMMUNITIES AT A LOW COST BY PARAPROFESSIONALS WITHOUT FORMAL TRAINING. THE GOALS OF THIS PROJECT ARE ALIGNED WITH USDA'S GOAL OF DESIGNING A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION TO TO PREVENT CHILDHOOD OBESITY.
$1,625,410University Of Alaska Fairbanks · · FY2018 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
SUMMARYCHILDHOOD OBESITY IS AN EPIDEMIC IN THE UNITED STATES WHERE 32% OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AGES 2-19 ARE OVERWEIGHT (BMI<85TH PERCENTILE) AND 16.9% ARE OBESE (BMI>95TH PERCENTILE). TEN PERCENT OF INFANTS AND TODDLERS HAVE HIGH WEIGHT-FOR-RECUMBENT LENGTH MEASUREMENTS PUTTING THEM AT RISK DEVELOPING CHILDHOOD OBESITY. OBESE CHILDREN ARE MORE LIKELY TO EXHIBIT ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD), DEPRESSION, LEARNING DISABILITY AND DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY. IT HAS BEEN PROPOSED THAT A COMMON UNDERLYING DYSFUNCTION, THE OVERSUPPLY OF INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF NUTRITIONAL OR SENSORY CONTENT, MAY INDEPENDENTLY PREDISPOSE CHILDREN TO BOTH OBESITY AND ADHD. A CRITICAL GAP IN THE LITERATURE IS THE IDENTIFICATION OF FOOD-SPECIFIC BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY. OUR PRELIMINARY DATA INDICATE THAT THE CONSUMPTION OF SINGLE-SOURCE, SOY-BASED DIETS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED SEIZURE SUSCEPTIBILITY AND BODY MASS INDEX (BMI). INCREASED BMI IS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBESITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM). WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT HIGH CONSUMPTION OF SOY-BASED INFANT FORMULA, PARTICULARLY IN BABIES THAT ARE GENETICALLY PREDISPOSED TO DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE THAT INCREASES THE RISK OF DEVELOPING OBESITY. AS MANY AS 25% OF INFANTS CONSUME SOY-BASED INFANT FORMULA DURING THEIR FIRST YEAR OF LIFE, BUT THERE IS A PAUCITY OF INFORMATION REGARDING POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS. THROUGH THIS R01 APPLICATION IN RESPONSE TO PAR-15-024, "FOOD SPECIFIC MOLECULAR PROFILES AND BIOMARKERS OF NUTRIENT INTAKE, AND DIETARY EXPOSURE," WE EXPECT TO IDENTIFY METABOLIC AND PROTEOMIC BIOMARKERS, IN BOTH CONTROL AND DISEASE MODEL MICE, WHICH ARE ALTERED IN RESPONSE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SOY PROTEIN. POSITIVE FINDINGS COULD HAVE POWERFUL TRANSLATIONAL IMPLICATIONS IN TERMS OF REDUCING THE INCIDENCE OF CHILDHOOD OBESITY THROUGH DIETARY RESTRICTION OF SOY-BASED INFANT FORMULAS.THIS CONTRIBUTION UTILIZES STATE-OF-THE-ARTMASS SPECTROMETRY TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY NOVEL DIETARY BIOMARKERS UNDER RIGOROUS SCIENTIFIC METHODS. THE TANGIBLE BENEFITS OF THIS CONTRIBUTION ARE MANIFOLD. FIRST, THERE IS HIGH POTENTIAL TO IDENTIFY DIETARY BIOMARKERS FOR CLINICALLY MONITORING METABOLIC CHANGES. OFTEN STUDIES OF HUMAN DISORDERS LACK AN IDEAL PROXY TISSUE THAT COULD AID PERSONALIZED MEDICINE FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. IN THIS PROPOSAL, WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO TEST PLASMA, BRAIN AND PERIPHERAL TISSUE FROM THE SAME MICE IN BOTH WILD TYPE AND A DISEASE MODEL. THIS PROVIDES THE OPPORTUNITY TO IDENTITY NUTRITIONAL BIOMARKERS IN AN ACCESSIBLE PROXY TISSUE AND IN RESPONSE TO DISEASE STATUS. BIOMARKERS FOUND HERE CAN BE DIRECTLY TESTED IN FUTURE CLINICAL STUDIES. MOREOVER, THE PROTEINS IDENTIFIED IN THIS STUDY CAN BE INTERROGATED IN FUTURE STUDIES FOR PSYCHIATRIC- AND OBESITY-RELATED GENETIC VARIANTS IN AT-RISK PATIENTS. THUS, THIS PROPOSAL MAY HELP BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF NUTRITIONAL BIOMARKERS. SECOND, THE FINDINGS WILL INFORM SUBSEQUENT THINKING AND RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF PEDIATRIC NUTRITION, PARTICULARLY IN REGARD TO INFANTS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES THAT ARE COMORBID WITH OBESITY SUCH AS PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME, AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS, DOWN SYNDROME, AND FRAGILE X SYNDROME. AND THIRD, POSITIVE FINDINGS WOULD SUPPORT INCREASED DISSEMINATION REGARDING THE BENEFITS OF BREAST-FEEDING, AND IN CASES WHERE FORMULA IS REQUIRED, A DIETARY INTERVENTION (SOY RESTRICTION) TO IMPROVE MEDICAL OUTCOMES. THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS RECOMMENDS INFANTS BE BREASTFED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE FIRST SEVERAL MONTHS AND THAT BREASTFEEDING CONTINUE THROUGH THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE. WHILE 83% OF MOTHERS INITIATE BREASTFEEDING, ONLY 50% ARE BREASTFEEDING AT 6 MONTHS AND 24% AT 12 MONTHS. OVER HALF OF NEWBORNS RECEIVE FORMULA IN THE HOSPITAL. APPROXIMATELY 20-25% OF INFANTS RECEIVE SOME SOY-BASED FORMULA DURING THEIR FIRST YEAR, BUT THERE IS NO DATA REGARDING HOW MANY AREEXCLUSIVELY FED SOY-BASED FORMULA. BECAUSE DIETARY RESTRICTION OF SOY, LIKE SUGAR OR WHEAT, IS NOT REGULATED BY THE FDA AND POSES NO HEALTH HAZARDS IN AN OTHERWISE BALANCED DIET, THIS TYPE OF MEDICAL INTERVENTION COULD BE RAPIDLY IMPLEMENTED.
$1,625,000University Of Wisconsin System · · FY2018 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Early Life Stress and the Environmental Origins of Disease: a Population-based Prospective Longitudinal Study of Children in Rural Poverty
$1,624,443Clancy B Blair · New York University · UG3 · FY2016 · OD
A Clinical Trial of Cancer Prevention by Biomarker Based Detections of Barrett's Esophagus and Its Progression
$1,623,261Sanford D Markowitz · Case Western Reserve University · R01 · FY2025 · CA
Biomarkers to Predict Patient Outcomes and Guide Therapies
$1,623,176Ann Cashion · National Institute Of Nursing Research · ZIA · FY2015 · NR
PARADOXICALLY, THE CONSUMPTION OF NON-CALORIC ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS (NCASS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF WEIGHT GAIN, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND DIABETES. ALTHOUGH RECENT STUDIES SUGGEST THAT THESE NON-CALORIC FOOD ADDITIVES ARE PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE, THE MECHANISMS MEDIATING THEIR EFFECTS ARE UNCLEAR. THE ABSENCE OF MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING PREVENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERVENTIONS THAT WILL DIRECTLY EVALUATE THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBESITY AND DIABETES. WE HAVE SHOWN THAT SUGARS AND NCASS ACTIVATE SWEET TASTE RECEPTORS PRESENT IN THE GUT AND STIMULATE HORMONAL SECRETIONS THAT AFFECTS HOW THE BODY ABSORBS NUTRIENTS. THE PROPOSED STUDIES INVESTIGATE HOW THE CONSUMPTION OF NUTRIENTS SUCH AS SIMPLE SUGARS AND NCASS CHANGES THE WAY THESE RECEPTORS OPERATE IN THE GUT. CONSEQUENTLY, THESE STUDIES WILL INCREASE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF NOVEL PATHWAYS THAT MODULATE NUTRIENT ABSORPTION AND UNVEIL POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES.
$1,623,113Ohio State University, The · · FY2018 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture