← Leaderboards
Ralph S Baric
University Of North Carolina Chapel Hill
$89,182,261
Attributed
$105,868,508
Total exposure
44
Grants
36
Lead (contact PI)
Attributed= this PI's even-split share of every grant they're on (the fair, additive number). Exposure = full size of all those grants.
Funding over time
peak $97.9M · FY2005–25$100M$75M$50M$25M$0
'05
'06
'07
'08
'09
'10
'11
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22
'23
'24
'25
Funding mix
By agency
NIH$237,468,985 · 49
By mechanism
U19$154,007,061 · 19
R01$46,251,520 · 12
U54$15,702,289 · 6
P01$14,047,251 · 6
U01$6,088,512 · 1
R56$759,938 · 1
Top collaborators
- Mark T Heise23 shared
- Mark R Denison13 shared
- Fang Li10 shared
- Timothy Patrick Sheahan7 shared
- James E Crowe5 shared
- Michael S. Diamond5 shared
- Matthew C Wolfgang3 shared
- Daniel A Engel2 shared
Others in their field
Top investigators on “Virus”
- David Heimbrook · Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc.$512,873,478
- Lawrence Corey · Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center$392,679,667
- Barton F Haynes · Duke University$328,711,626
- Dennis R. Burton · Scripps Research Institute$276,624,892
- Glenda E Gray · Wits Health Consortium (Pty), Ltd$274,342,142
- Richard Webby · St. Jude Children'S Research Hospital$265,067,789
Research focus
VirusInfectionPathogenesisProgramsIn VivoImmune ResponseGenesImmuneResponsePathway InteractionsVirus DiseasesSars CoronavirusPathogenDesignAnimal ModelGeneticIn VitroMediatingSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeImmunityMouse ModelCellsReagentVirus Replication
Grant awards (196)
CORE B: Viral Assays Core$398,739
P01 · FY2025 · AI · contact PI
Project 3: SARS CoV-2 Lung Organoid Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis$311,916
U19 · FY2025 · AI · contact PI
Human antibody-based countermeasures against the Wuhan Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2$1,193,360
R01 · FY2024 · AI
North Carolina Seronet Center for Excellence$820,801
U54 · FY2024 · CA · contact PI
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative Cross$766,144
R01 · FY2024 · AI
Cell entry, cross-species transmission and pathogenesis of novel coronavirus from$748,081
R01 · FY2024 · AI · contact PI
Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination$732,472
R01 · FY2024 · AI · contact PI
Project 3: SARS CoV-2 Lung Organoid Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis$273,020
U19 · FY2024 · AI · contact PI
Core A: Administrative Core$136,801
U54 · FY2024 · CA · contact PI
Project 1: Serological Correlates of SARS CoV2 Immunity and Disease$136,800
U54 · FY2024 · CA · contact PI
North Carolina Seronet Center for Excellence$2,950,055
U54 · FY2023 · CA · contact PI
Human antibody-based countermeasures against the Wuhan Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2$1,197,841
R01 · FY2023 · AI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration$1,000,000
U01 · FY2023 · AI · contact PI
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative Cross$766,144
R01 · FY2023 · AI
Cell entry, cross-species transmission and pathogenesis of novel coronavirus from$748,081
R01 · FY2023 · AI · contact PI
Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination$734,952
R01 · FY2023 · AI · contact PI
Project 3: SARS CoV-2 Lung Organoid Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis$278,458
U19 · FY2023 · AI · contact PI
RAPIDLY EMERGING ANTIVIRAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE- AViDD CENTER (READDI-AC)$65,483,194
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Core A: Administrative Core$9,202,226
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Research Project 1: Coronavirus antiviral lead development and combination testing$5,087,610
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Development of direct-acting flavivirus inhibitors$3,957,517
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Development of Antivirals against Filovirus Replication$3,796,046
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Core B: Virology Core$2,153,145
P01 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
North Carolina Seronet Center for Excellence$2,018,073
U54 · FY2022 · CA · contact PI
Human antibody-based countermeasures against the Wuhan Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2$1,202,440
R01 · FY2022 · AI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration$1,000,000
U01 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative Cross$766,144
R01 · FY2022 · AI
Cell entry, cross-species transmission and pathogenesis of novel coronavirus from$748,081
R01 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination$737,210
R01 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$672,084
R01 · FY2022 · AI
Project 1: Serological Correlates of SARS CoV2 Immunity and Disease$350,149
U54 · FY2022 · CA · contact PI
Core A: Administrative Core$328,769
U54 · FY2022 · CA · contact PI
Project 3: SARS CoV-2 Lung Organoid Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis$210,097
U19 · FY2022 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$147,657
R01 · FY2022 · AI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$2,298,830
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Human antibody-based countermeasures against the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2$1,206,220
R01 · FY2021 · AI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$1,166,670
R01 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration$1,000,000
U01 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$859,591
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative Cross$766,144
R01 · FY2021 · AI
Cell entry, cross-species transmission and pathogenesis of novel coronavirus from$748,081
R01 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination$739,405
R01 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$672,084
R01 · FY2021 · AI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$447,335
R01 · FY2021 · AI
Project 3: SARS CoV-2 Lung Organoid Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis$340,241
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$309,479
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$101,774
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$91,160
U19 · FY2021 · AI · contact PI
North Carolina Seronet Center for Excellence$3,974,612
U54 · FY2020 · CA · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$2,332,322
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Human antibody-based countermeasures against the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2$1,193,309
R01 · FY2020 · AI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$1,166,670
R01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration - Equipment Supplement$1,088,512
U01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration$1,000,000
U01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination$767,330
R01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Cell entry, cross-species transmission and pathogenesis of novel coronavirus from$766,414
R01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Genetic Analysis of COVID-19 Susceptibility and Resistance Determinants in the Collaborative Cross$748,384
R01 · FY2020 · AI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$672,084
R01 · FY2020 · AI
Project 1: Serological Correlates of SARS CoV2 Immunity and Disease$658,139
U54 · FY2020 · CA · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$564,671
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$563,507
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Core A: Administrative Core$517,617
U54 · FY2020 · CA · contact PI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$458,053
R01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$450,462
R01 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$428,666
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$412,634
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$412,634
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$318,794
R01 · FY2020 · AI
Administrative Core$220,411
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Testing the role of NLRP3 and other NLR Family Members in COVID19 pathogenesis$103,161
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$103,161
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$91,160
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$91,160
U19 · FY2020 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$2,769,729
U19 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$1,166,670
R01 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Respiratory Virus Vaccine and Adjuvant Exploration$1,000,000
U01 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$818,006
U19 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis$721,207
R01 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$672,084
R01 · FY2019 · AI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$428,666
U19 · FY2019 · AI · contact PI
Molecular Analysis of Serum Antibody Constituents in Zika Virus Infection$181,149
R21 · FY2019 · AI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$2,727,484
U19 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$1,166,670
R01 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease$889,074
U19 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis$727,370
R01 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$686,584
R01 · FY2018 · AI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$419,667
U19 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$342,898
U19 · FY2018 · AI · contact PI
Molecular Analysis of Serum Antibody Constituents in Zika Virus Infection$233,638
R21 · FY2018 · AI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$2,437,629
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Characterization of novel genes encoded ty RNA and DNA viruses$2,021,134
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 to treat MERS-CoV and related emerging CoV$1,455,240
R01 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease$1,131,261
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis$733,354
R01 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Emerging Coronavirus Infections in the Collaborative Cross$418,635
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Role of Uncharacterized Genes in High Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infection$396,549
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$211,216
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$88,812
U19 · FY2017 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$4,853,040
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Characterization of novel genes encoded ty RNA and DNA viruses$2,322,470
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease$889,034
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$739,947
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis$739,162
R01 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Role of Uncharacterized Genes in High Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infection$704,107
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Administrative and Education Core$649,146
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$548,803
R01 · FY2016 · AI
Administrative Core$252,483
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Unlocking Zika Virus Immune Control and Pathogenesis with the Collaborative Cross$135,110
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$135,110
U19 · FY2016 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$4,144,540
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Characterization of novel genes encoded ty RNA and DNA viruses$2,115,911
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease$1,137,211
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of MERS-CoV Entry, Cross-species Transmission and Pathogenesis$754,420
R01 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$412,965
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Role of Uncharacterized Genes in High Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infection$370,377
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$306,487
R01 · FY2015 · AI
Administrative and Education Core$279,874
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$242,311
R01 · FY2015 · AI
Administrative Core$188,494
U19 · FY2015 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$4,148,261
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Characterization of novel genes encoded ty RNA and DNA viruses$2,102,641
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Viral Severe Lung Disease$1,184,414
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Administrative and Education Core$832,756
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Mechanisms of Norovirus Protective Immunity$759,938
R56 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$547,101
R01 · FY2014 · AI
Role of Uncharacterized Genes in High Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infection$420,831
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$334,030
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$223,265
U19 · FY2014 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$4,030,980
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Characterization of novel genes encoded ty RNA and DNA viruses$2,027,645
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Systems Pathogenomics of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infection$818,118
U54 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Determinants of Coronavirus Fidelity in Replication and Pathogenesis$560,000
R01 · FY2013 · AI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$409,466
R01 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Role of Uncharacterized Genes in High Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infection$371,153
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$367,995
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Administrative and Education Core$206,337
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Administrative Core$196,909
U19 · FY2013 · AI · contact PI
Systems Immunogenetics of Biodefense Pathogens in the Collaborative Cross$4,594,721
U19 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
Systems Pathogenomics of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infection$746,369
U54 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice$484,651
R01 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$435,605
R01 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
System Immunogenetics of SARS-CoV Infection$435,565
U19 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
Administrative and Education Core$174,333
U19 · FY2012 · AI · contact PI
Systems Pathogenomics of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infection$758,603
U54 · FY2011 · AI · contact PI
SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice$487,620
R01 · FY2011 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$457,050
R01 · FY2011 · AI · contact PI
Systems Pathogenomics of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infection$739,767
U54 · FY2010 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$606,993
R01 · FY2010 · AI · contact PI
SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice$492,533
R01 · FY2010 · AI · contact PI
Yeast Based Assays for Chemical Screens Against SARS-CoV Targets$38,500
R21 · FY2010 · NS
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$1,907,553
P01 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
Systems Pathogenomics of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infection$747,616
U54 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$660,673
R01 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice$490,616
R01 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
Rewiring SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Pathogenesis$264,982
P01 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
Core--SARS Coronavirus Clone and Reagent$202,418
P01 · FY2009 · AI · contact PI
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$1,854,836
P01 · FY2008 · AI · contact PI
SARS-CoV Pathogenic Mechanisms in Senescent Mice$496,151
R01 · FY2008 · AI · contact PI
SARS Reverse Genetics$271,608
R01 · FY2008 · AI · contact PI
Rewiring SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Pathogenesis$257,344
P01 · FY2008 · AI · contact PI
Core--SARS Coronavirus Clone and Reagent$196,600
P01 · FY2008 · AI · contact PI
Yeast Based Assays for Chemical Screens Against SARS-CoV Targets$157,259
R21 · FY2008 · NS
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$1,837,988
P01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$376,556
R01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
Studies into the Mechanisms for MHV Replication$327,314
R01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
SARS Reverse Genetics$276,869
R01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
Rewiring SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Pathogenesis$259,764
P01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
Core--SARS Coronavirus Clone and Reagent$198,236
P01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$37,950
P01 · FY2007 · AI · contact PI
DETERMINANTS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY AND PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY TO NORWALK VIRUS INFECT$1,125
M01 · FY2007 · RR · contact PI
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$1,840,683
P01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$377,578
R01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
Studies into the Mechanisms for MHV Replication$337,090
R01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
SARS Reverse Genetics$285,138
R01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
Rewiring SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Pathogenesis$239,406
P01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
Core--SARS Coronavirus Clone and Reagent$181,677
P01 · FY2006 · AI · contact PI
DETERMINANTS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY AND PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY TO NORWALK VIRUS INFECT$743
M01 · FY2006 · RR · contact PI
Developing Vaccine Candidates for the SARS Coronavirus$1,676,513
P01 · FY2005 · AI
Studies into the Mechanisms for MHV Replication$395,202
R01 · FY2005 · AI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$376,502
R01 · FY2005 · AI
SARS Reverse Genetics$290,054
R01 · FY2005 · AI
Rewiring SARS-CoV Genome Organization and Pathogenesis$218,242
P01 · FY2005 · AI
Core--SARS Coronavirus Clone and Reagent$174,680
P01 · FY2005 · AI
Administrative Core$146,495
P01 · FY2005 · AI
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$384,133
R01 · FY2004 · AI
Remodeling SARS Coronavirus Genome Regulatory Networks$367,042
R01 · FY2004 · AI
Studies into the Mechanisms for MHV Replication$345,202
R01 · FY2004 · AI
SARS Reverse Genetics$278,647
R01 · FY2004 · AI
REVERSE GENETICS WITH A CORONAVIRUS INFECTIOUS CONSTRUCT$253,321
R01 · FY2004 · GM
Studies into the Mechanisms for MHV Replication$519,733
R01 · FY2003 · AI
REVERSE GENETICS WITH A CORONAVIRUS INFECTIOUS CONSTRUCT$253,321
R01 · FY2003 · GM
Susceptibility and Protective Immunity to Noroviruses$129,665
R01 · FY2003 · AI
REVERSE GENETICS WITH A CORONAVIRUS INFECTIOUS CONSTRUCT$253,321
R01 · FY2002 · GM
REVERSE GENETICS WITH A CORONAVIRUS INFECTIOUS CONSTRUCT$247,772
R01 · FY2001 · GM
STUDIES INTO THE MECHANISMS FOR MHV REPLICATION$207,269
R01 · FY2001 · AI
STUDIES INTO THE MECHANISMS FOR MHV REPLICATION$201,232
R01 · FY2000 · AI