PAHs: New Technologies and Emerging Health Risks

Oregon State University, Corvallis OR

Investigators

Linked publications & trials

Abstract

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), re-emerging environmental pollutants of concern, found at Superfund sites and urban settings, are formed in the burning of carbon-based energy sources, e.g., diesel, gasoline, coal, petroleum and in cooking or tobacco smoke. Increasing energy needs world-wide contribute to PAH production, resulting in human exposures. This new Superfund Basic Research Program brings together a multi-disciplinary team, from an academic institution and a National Laboratory, with years of experience in PAHs and environmental health issues. The investigators designed 6 Research Projects that are innovative and exciting, and that explore new mechanisms of PAHs and their impact on human health. The Projects focus on 1) PAHs in skin and transplacental cancer and prevention approaches;2) the construction of the first PAH PBPK model using both mice and humans;3) adverse effects on development in a versatile model (zebrafish);4) the development of passive sampling devices, deployed at Superfund sites, testable in the zebrafish model;5) the development of analytical methods for tracking another emerging potential health threat, nanomaterials, and 6) determining PAH composition and atmospheric deposition (in China, coal-fired energy plants and automobile use is exploding) and the effects of PAHs "aging" in transport to the U.S.;the focus will be on highly exposed populations (Chinese and Native Americans in the U.S.). The Research Support Cores are the Statistics and Bioinformatics Core, and the Analytical Chemistry Core, which provide a continuum critical to success in data storage, analysis and sharing, and use of PAH standards and analysis. Common use of the Cores by Projects ensures high reliability and consistency. Personnel in the Research Translation Core (RTC), directed by an M.D., M.P.H., have years of experience in public health and serve as a conduit between research and populations with exposure concerns. The Community Outreach Core, tied closely to the RTC, has experience with Tribal Communities concerned about PAH exposure, and the Core has developed creative venues for communication of scientific results with the general public. Finally, the administrative team has a long history of successful management of NIEHS multi-investigator grants and acquisition of strong institutional support. The innovative nature of these Projects, the high significance of PAHs, the tight integration, the shared resources and approaches, the demonstrated ability to distill scientific studies to impacted populations and the long history of successful administration provide this new SBRP with what we trust the reviewers will judge to be many exciting and important strengths with high innovation in the approaches taken. ADMINISTRATIVE CORE (Williams) Description (provided by applicant) The Administrative Core oversees all Superfund Basic Research Program (SBRP) activities. The principal investigator, Dr. Williams, is at Oregon State University (OSU);the co-principal investigator, Dr. Rick Corley, is at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Core personnel have an extensive history of successfully administrating multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional grants including NIEHS Centers, Training Grants and Program Projects. OSU is a leader in toxicology and environmental health research and one of only two land, sea, space and sun grant universities. Recently the College in which 8/11 Project or Core leaders reside, ranked first in citation impact (Science Watch). PNNL is one of ten National Laboratories funded by the DOE with 4200 staff members and $725 million dollars of funded grants and contracts. The SBRP investigators at PNNL reside in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory with state-of-the-art facilities for bioinformatics and biocomputing. A significant institutional commitment from the OSU Research Office includes $100,000 each year (a $25,000 increase over the original submission) to assist the Administrative Core. These funds allow for additional external advisors and cover expenses for two-way video and audio for meetings of OSU and PNNL personnel. An additional institutional commitment from the College assigns 60% of returned overhead to the principal investigator: $148,000 annually and $740,000 total. This money will be used to enhance the viability of the Program;for example the funding of pilot projects. The responsibilities of the Administrative Core can be summarized under 4 specific aims: 1) organize, conduct and evaluate meetings and other activities;2) promote infrastructure and research enhancement;3) conduct fiscal management;and, 4) communicate results to peers, stakeholders and the general public. A description of how these specific aims will be achieved is in the text that follows. In addition to the administrative team, with its history of working together on similar projects (crucial for specific aims 1-3), this SBRP has personnel with excellent credentials in communication to stakeholders and the general public. The investigators are confident that they have the right team to lead this effort, strong institutional support, and the right balance of structure and flexibility needed for the success of this SBRP proposal.