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**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** IN LIGHT OF EXPECTED INCREASES IN PEST AND PATHOGEN PRESSURE AND DECREASES IN POLLINATOR AVAILABILITY UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE, WE MUST HARNESS PLANTS' NATURAL ABILITIES TO MANIPULATE BIOTIC INTERACTIONS TO INCREASE SUSTAINABILITY AND MAINTAIN HIGH YIELDS IN OUR CROP SYSTEMS. ACROSS LAND PLANTS, PLANTS USE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS) AS SPECIALIZED MULTIFUNCTIONAL METABOLITES WHICH ACT AS DIRECT SIGNALS OF INFECTION AND DAMAGE, RELAYING COMPLEX CUES ACROSS SPECIES BOUNDARIES, PROVIDING INFORMATION TO NEIGHBORING PLANTS CONCERNING PEST AND PATHOGEN OUTBREAKS. FROM VOC CUES, NEIGHBORING PLANTS ENTER A 'PRIMED' STATE IN WHICH THEY CAN ELICIT A FASTER AND MORE POTENT RESPONSE WHEN INEVITABLY CHALLENGED WITH A PEST OR PATHOGEN (E.G., SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE(SAR)). IN DEVELOPING PLANTS WITH GREATER CONSISTENT PRODUCTION OF DEFENSIVE ABILITIES, THERE ARE HIGH LONG-TERM METABOLIC COSTS THAT LEAD TO A REDUCTION IN YIELD. EFFORTS CONCERNING SAR AND INDUCED DEFENSES HAVE INHERENT METABOLIC COSTS THAT ARE HIGH IN THE SHORT TERM AND LOW OVER THE PLANT'S LIFESPAN, DECREASING NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON YIELD. VOC PRODUCTION MAY FURTHER REDUCE THESE YIELD DIMINISHES AS SEVERAL STUDIES INDICATE NO SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN YIELD FROM HIGH VOC PRODUCTION. IN ADDITION TO INDUCING SAR, VOCS CAN ACT DIRECTLY BY INHIBITING PATHOGEN GROWTH OR INDIRECTLY BY ALTERING THE PATHOGEN'S TRANSMISSION AND INFECTION SUCCESS ON NEW TISSUES. THUS, VOCS MAY BE HARNESSED AS AN ATTRACTANT OR DETERRENT MECHANISM AT A LOW METABOLIC COST, WITH FURTHER POTENTIAL TO INDUCE SAR IN NEIGHBORING PLANTS, PROVIDING A HOLISTIC PLANT-DERIVED BIOCIDE.WHILE INITIATIVES BASED ON VOC USE IN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ARE A PROMISING AVENUE FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, FEW STUDIES HAVE ASSESSED VARIATION IN VOC EFFICACY AS A BIOCIDE AGAINST GENETICALLY DIVERSE PATHOGEN ISOLATES ON VARIOUS HOST CROPS AND FURTHER HOW TO LEVERAGE VOC-INDUCED SAR ACROSS DIVERSE HOST CROPS. IN THIS WORK, WE LEVERAGE A GENETICALLY DIVERSE ASSOCIATION MAPPING POPULATION OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISOLATE-SPECIFIC INFECTION AND THE EXPRESSION OF VOC BIOSYNTHETIC ENZYMES IN SEVERAL CROP HOSTS. B. CINEREA IS A FUNGAL PATHOGEN THAT CAN INFECT LEAVES, FLOWERS, AND FRUITS, SEVERELY AFFECTING YIELD ACROSS HUNDREDS OF FOOD, CASH, PLANTATION, AND HORTICULTURE CROPS GLOBALLY AT EVERY STEP OF PRODUCTION, STORAGE, AND DISTRIBUTION. B. CINEREA'S INFECTION POTENTIAL LEADS TO A GLOBAL CONTROL COST OF OVER A BILLION USD ANNUALLY. TO DEVELOP NOVEL WAYS TO CONTROL B. CINEREA, WE WILL EVALUATE HOW GENERAL AND SPECIES-SPECIFIC VOCS AFFECT B.CINEREA VIRULENCE AND TRANSMISSION POTENTIAL AND DESCRIBE THE GENETIC ASSOCIATIONS OF VOC RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY IN B. CINEREA. FINALLY, USING THE EFFECTIVE VOC DOSE NECESSARY TO ALTER B. CINEREA VIRULENCE AND TRANSMISSION, WE WILL EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VOC FUMIGATION IN REDUCING B. CINEREA INFECTIONS AND HOW WELL INDIVIDUAL VOCS INDUCE,SAR IN COMPARISON TO BLENDS OF VOC CUES FROM INFECTED PLANTS OF THE SAME SPECIES. THE RESULTS OF THIS WORK WILL TEST THE POTENTIAL OF VOCS AS NOVEL MEDIATORS OF PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS AND DEVELOP FUMIGATION GUIDANCE USING PLANT-DERIVED VOCS TO CONTROL AN IMPORTANT PLANT PATHOGENACROSS A SIGNIFICANT PROPORTION OF CROP SPECIES DIVERSITY.

$128,788FY2024National Institute of Food and AgricultureUSDA

Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA

Investigators

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