**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** RESEARCH INTO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY OFTEN ABSTRACTS FROM QUALITY. IN PARTICULAR, WHEN ASSESSING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL LABOR RESEARCHERS OFTEN FOCUS ON A WORKER'S SPEED RATHER THAN THE VALUE OF THEIR OUTPUT.WE EXPLORE FOUR RESEARCH QUESTIONS: (1) DOES HASTE MAKE WASTE? WE USE OBSERVATIONAL DATA AND AN INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES RESEARCH DESIGN TO INVESTIGATE THE TRADE-OFF BETWEEN WORKER SPEED AND OUTPUT QUALITY. (2) WE STUDY THE EFFECT OF PAYING DIRECT QUALITY INCENTIVES ON A WORKER'S SPEED AND QUALITY. (3) WE ESTIMATE THE COSTS OF QUALITY BY MEASURING HOW QUALITY AFFECTS THE PROBABILITY OF A RETAILER REFUSING AN ORDER FOR QUALITY CONCERNS. (4) WE EXTEND OUR RESULTS TO FIVE HAND HARVESTED CROPS, EXPLORING OPTIMAL CONTRACT STRUCTURES FOR EACH.OUR PROJECT BUILDS ON A UNIQUE TWO-WAY PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE CO-PIS AND A LARGE STRAWBERRY GROWER-SHIPPER. THE PARTNERSHIP FACILITATES UNPRECEDENTED ACCESS TO DATA ON WORKER SPEED, OUTPUT QUALITY, GROWER SHIPMENTS AND RETAILER REFUSALS. IN RETURN, THE RESEARCHERS CONTRIBUTE TO THE GROWER'S THINKING ABOUT HOW TO STRUCTURE CONTRACTS TO REWARD QUALITY AND MAXIMIZE PROFITS, WHICH HAS LED TO A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY TO EVALUATE NOVEL CONTRACT STRUCTURES. THESE EXTRAORDINARY DATA WILL ALLOW US TO ADVANCE THE RESEARCH FRONTIER ON WORKER PRODUCTIVITY BY EMPIRICALLY ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC MECHANISMS THAT DRIVE QUALITY AND QUANTITY. WE WILL ADAPT EXISTING MODELS OF PRODUCTIVITY AND TEST GENERATED HYPOTHESES USING MODERN CAUSAL ECONOMETRIC METHODS. OUR RESEARCH IS DIRECTLY RELEVANT TO THE ECONOMICS, MARKETS, AND TRADE (A1641) PROGRAM AREAS IN FARM LABOR AND IMMIGRATION AND POLICY AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND RESOURCE USE.