** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** MANY FACTORS AFFECT THE STABILITY OF WILD BEE POPULATIONS, INCLUDING LAND-USE CHANGE AND COMPETITION WITH NON-NATIVE SPECIES, SUCH AS HONEYBEES. WILD BEES ARE OFTEN EQUAL OR SUPERIOR TO MANAGED HONEYBEES IN THEIR ABILITY TO PROVIDE POLLINATION SERVICES, YET MANY HOBBYISTS, PRODUCERS, AND SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS ADVOCATE FOR 'BACKYARD BEEKEEPING' AND SUPPLEMENTATION OF POLLINATION IN BOTH NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS WITH HONEYBEES. THIS MAY HAVE CONSEQUENCES FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IF HONEYBEES COMPETE, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, WITH WILD BEE POPULATIONS FOR ACCESS TO LIMITING POLLEN RESOURCES. CURRENTLY, THERE EXIST NO CLEAR POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING HONEYBEE HIVE DENSITY IN LANDSCAPES OF THE AMERICAN WEST. IN ADDITION, SUPPLEMENTATION WITH HONEYBEES MAY BE INEFFICIENT FOR PRODUCERS IF FEES ARE PAID FOR HIVE DEPLOYMENT WHEN WILD BEE POPULATIONS PROVIDE ADEQUATE POLLINATION SERVICES. ACCORDINGLY, THERE IS A NEED TO UNDERSTAND (1) THE EXTENT AND STRENGTH OF RESOURCE OVERLAP AND COMPETITION BETWEEN WILD BEE POPULATIONS AND MANAGED HONEYBEES, (2) DETERMINE WHETHER HONEYBEES AFFECT NEST-SITE USE AND REPRODUCTION OF WILD BEES, AND (3) QUANTIFY THE RELATIVE EFFICACY OF WILD BEES IN PROVIDING POLLINATION TO CROPS. WE PROPOSE HERE A SET OF EXPERIMENTS TO CHARACTERIZE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WILD BEES AND HONEYBEES, INTERPRETING INTERACTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDSCAPE VARIATION, WITH THE GOAL OF PROVIDING NEW INFORMATION ON WHICH WILD BEE TAXA ARE LIKELY TO BE IMPACTED BY HONEYBEES, AND WHY. OUR RESEARCH WILL APPLY FOUNDATIONAL PRINCIPLES IN INSECT ECOLOGY TO DETERMINE WHETHER HONEYBEES HAVE DELETERIOUS EFFECTS ON WILD BEE FORAGING AND VITAL RATES IN A PERI-URBAN LANDSCAPE WITH A RAPIDLY GROWING WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE. RESULTING DATASETS AND EXTENSION PRODUCTS WILL INFORM FUTURE POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS ON HONEYBEE STOCKING DENSITIES IN THE WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE, AND CAN ALSO HELP GROWERS TO MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT FACTORS AFFECTING THE POLLINATION OF SEVERAL REGIONALLY IMPORTANT FIELD CROPS IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION.