** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** BEEF AND DAIRY CATTLE ARE IMPORTANT COMMODITIES IN THE UNITED STATES. DURING VIRAL GROWTH, BOHV-1 SPREADS TO SENSORY NEURONS IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND CERTAIN CELLS IN THE PHARYNGEAL TONSIL WHERE THE VIRUS ESTABLISHES AND MAINTAINS A LIFE-LONG LATENT INFECTION. DURING LATENCY, BOHV-1 DOES NOT GROW BUT IT LINGERS IN THE LATENTLY INFECTED CELLS. STRESS, BECAUSE OF DRAMATIC WEATHER CHANGES AND SHIPPING CATTLE LONG DISTANCES CAN TRIGGER BOHV-1 TO GROW IN LATENTLY INFECTED CALVES (REACTIVATE FROM LATENCY). BOVINE ALPHA-HERPESVIRUS 1 (BOHV-1) INFECTION OF CATTLE CAN CAUSE SEVERE NASAL CONGESTION, SWELLING OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT, TEMPORARY IMMUNE SUPPRESSION, AND ABORTIONS. BOHV-1 IS ALSO A COFACTOR OF BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE (BRD), THE MOST IMPORTANT DISEASE IN CATTLE. BRD CAN LEAD TO LIFE-THREATENING LUNG INFECTIONS, INCLUDING PNEUMONIA. THE GOAL OF THIS GRANT IS TO IDENTIFY CELLULAR AND BOHV-1 GENES THAT INDUCE REACTIVATION FROM LATENCY IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND PHARYNGEAL TONSIL. UNDERSTANDING HOW REACTIVATION OCCURS WILL ALLOW US TO DEVELOP SUPERIOR STRATEGIES FOR VACCINE VIRUSES THAT DO NOT RESPOND TO STRESS AND REACTIVATE FROM LATENCY. THIS WILL REDUCE THE SPREAD OF BOHV-1 AND REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF BRD.