** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** IN THE UNITED STATES,AGRICULTURE IS A MAJOR CONSUMER OF WATER RESOURCES FOR IRRIGATION, ESPECIALLY DURING DROUGHTS, AS IT OFTEN RELIES ON INEFFICIENT IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES. SOME OF THESE IRRIGATION METHODS CAN ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSIONS, BY EXCESSIVELY STIMULATING THE SOIL MICROBIOTA. ADOPTION OF MORE EFFICIENT METHODS HOLDS THE PROMISE OF SIMULTANEOUSLY INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND REDUCING SOIL GHG EMISSIONS, HENCE CONTRIBUTING TO A CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE. HOWEVER, HIGH INSTALLATION COSTS OF EFFICIENT IRRIGATION METHODS OFTEN CREATE FINANCIAL BARRIERS FOR PRODUCERS. THE OVERARCHING GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO QUANTIFY THE REDUCTION IN GHG EMISSIONS WITH EFFICIENTIRRIGATION TECHNIQUES, TOPROVIDE MORE INFORMED CLIMATE-SMART IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS ANDENCOURAGE THEIR ADOPTION BY BOOSTING PROFITS THROUGH CARBON CREDITS. INPARTICULAR, THEPROJECT WILLEXPERIMENTALLY ASSESS THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS IRRIGATION METHODS ON GHG EMISSIONS IN CORN AND COTTON PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND DEVELOP MATHEMATICAL MODELS ABLE TO PREDICT THE EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR DIFFERENT CLIMATE, SOIL, CROP AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS.THE PROJECT WILL ESTIMATE EMISSION FACTORS FOR COMMON AGRICULTURAL SCENARIOS?IN TEXAS, THUS PROVIDING IMPORTANT INSIGHTS INTOTHECLIMATE-SMART POTENTIAL OF IRRIGATED CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE SUSTAINABILITY OF U.S. AGRICULTURE BY PROMOTING ADOPTION OF IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES THAT REDUCE WATER USE AND GHG EMISSIONS.