** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CURRENTLY, THE NUMBER OF TRADITIONAL SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZE BACKYARD AND INTEGRATED FARMS ARE INCREASING SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE US. THESE FARMS ARE COMMONLY ANTIBIOTIC/CHEMICAL-FREE AND PRODUCE BOTH CROPS AND LIVESTOCK IN THE SAME FACILITY. POULTRY, EITHER BROILER OR LAYERS, OR BOTH, ARE THE COMMON LIVESTOCK COMPONENT IN THESE FARMS. ACCORDING TO RECENT REPORTS, THE MORTALITY RATE OF POULTRY GROWN IN ANTIBIOTIC/CHEMICAL-FREE FARMS, INCLUDING BACKYARD AND INTEGRATED FARMS, IS INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY DUE TO VARIOUS REEMERGING DISEASES INCLUDING CORYZA. IN ADDITION, PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY/GROWTH RATE OF POULTRY IS ALSO A MAJOR ISSUE OF THESE FARMING SYSTEMS DUE TO THE ABSENCE OF APPROPRIATE GROWTH PROMOTERS. IN THIS STUDY, WE AIM TO CONTROL HIGHER POULTRY MORTALITY BY LIMITING MAJOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES SPECIFICALLY INFECTIOUS CORYZA, CAUSED BY AVIBACTERIUM PARAGALLINARUM (AP) AND ITS CO-INFECTIOUS AGENT, INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS (IBV), AND IMPROVE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY BY ADDING NATURAL SUPPLEMENTS SPECIFICALLY PLANT PHENOLIC AND PROBIOTICS IN WATER. TO ACHIEVE THESE GOALS, WE PROPOSE TWO MAJOR SPECIFIC AIMS: 1) INVESTIGATE THE SOURCES OF AP AND/OR IBV IN THE FARM ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR TRANSMISSION ROUTES TO CHICKENS, AND COMPARE THEIR PHENOTYPE AND GENOTYPE WITH ISOLATES FROM CLINICAL SPECIMENS COLLECTED BY CLINAL LABS, AND LIMIT THEIR TRANSMISSION THROUGH BETTER FARM MANAGEMENT; AND 2) EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF BIOACTIVE PROBIOTIC AND/OR PLANT-DERIVED PHENOLICS IN IMPROVING POULTRY HEALTH/IMMUNITY AND MICROBIOTA, AND IN CONTROLLING COLONIZATION OF AP OR AP/IBV USING A DAY-OLD CHICK MODEL. THIS STUDY WILL DEVELOP A STRATEGY TO CONTROL POULTRY DISEASES AND IMPROVE THEIR GROWTH RATE, WHICH WILL LEAD TO SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATED POULTRY FARMING.