** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CLIMATE CHANGE IS AN URGENT THREAT TO THE SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS: ITS IMPACTS ON CROP YIELD, THE PRICE OF FOOD, AND THE INFRASTRUCTURE TO BRING IT TO MARKET ARE ALREADY MAJOR CHALLENGES. ANIMAL-POLLINATED PLANTS FACE A DUAL VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE BECAUSE IN ADDITION TO THE DIRECT EFFECTS OF ALTERED TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION ON PLANT PERFORMANCE, THE HEALTH, DIVERSITY, AND ABUNDANCE OF THE POLLINATORS THEY RELY UPON IS ALSO AT STAKE. POLLINATORS, ESPECIALLY BEES, OBTAIN THEIR NUTRITION FROM PLANT POLLEN AND NECTAR. NUTRITION IS WIDELY RECOGNIZED AS A KEY DETERMINANT OF HOW BOTH WILD AND MANAGED POLLINATORS COPE WITH A WIDE VARIETY OF STRESSORS INCLUDING PATHOGENS AND PESTICIDES; THERE ARE THUS MAJOR INITIATIVES BY GROWERS, AGENCIES, AND NON-PROFITS TO DEVELOP PLANTINGS FOR POLLINATORS IN WORKING LANDS, IN PART TO PROVIDE HIGH QUALITY NECTAR AND POLLEN AS NUTRITIONAL RESOURCES TO SUPPORT HEALTHY POLLINATOR POPULATIONS. HOWEVER, THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF THE NECTARS AND POLLENS CHANGE IN RESPONSE TO CLIMATE STRESSORS SUCH AS ELEVATED TEMPERATURE IS A MAJOR OPEN QUESTION. RECIPROCALLY, WE KNOW VERY LITTLE ABOUT HOW POLLINATORS' NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS MAY SHIFT IN A WARMING WORLD. NECTAR AND POLLEN ARE CHEMICALLY COMPLEX, AND AT LEAST IN THE FEW PLANT SPECIES THAT HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED, THEIR CHEMISTRY MAY CHANGE DRAMATICALLY WITH TEMPERATURE, PRESENTING A THREAT TO POLLINATOR HEALTH. THESE EFFECTS ARE PARTICULARLY NOTED IN RELATION TO LIPID CHEMISTRY, WHICH PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN BEE PHYSIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION, AND IN PLANTS' RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS.TO UNDERSTAND HOW CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS 1) THE QUALITY OF NUTRITIONAL RESOURCES PLANTS PROVIDE FOR POLLINATORS AS WELL AS 2) BEES' NUTRITIONAL NEEDS, OUR PROJECT COMBINES A NEW ANALYTICAL PIPELINE FOR THE STUDY OF POLLEN CHEMISTRY WITH PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH ON AGRICULTURALLY IMPORTANT BEE SPECIES (BUMBLE BEES AND MASON BEES). WE USE THESE APPROACHES TO CHART CHANGES IN POLLEN CHEMISTRY AND BEE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE TEMPERATURE INCREASES MODELED FOR OUR REGION BY MIDCENTURY. ULTIMATELY, THIS WORK WILL INFORM SCREENING METHODS FOR STAKEHOLDERS TO IDENTIFY SEED MIXES USED TO CREATE OR RESTORE POLLINATOR HABITAT IN WORKING LANDS (OR CROP VARIETIES) MOST NUTRITIONALLY VALUABLE TO BEES IN A WARMER WORLD. ALTHOUGH WE ADDRESS BASIC QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY OF POLLINATION UNDER CLIMATE STRESS, WE FRAME OUR QUESTIONS IN TERMS OF POLLINATOR-FRIENDLY PLANTINGS IN AGRICULTURAL OR RESTORATION SETTINGS. WE PERFORM THIS WORK IN LAB AND FIELD SETTINGS IN RENO, NEVADA, A SITE IDENTIFIED AS ONE OF THE COUNTRY'S MOST RAPIDLY-WARMING CITIES. STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVE BEEKEEPERS, AGENCY STAFF, NON-PROFITS AND GROWERS MOTIVATED TO UNDERSTAND HOW BEST TO SUPPORT BEE NUTRITION AND THUS PROMOTE CLIMATE RESILIENCE OF FOOD SYSTEMS.