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** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** WHEAT STEM SAWFLY IS A HIGHLY ADAPTABLE ENDEMIC INSECT SPECIES IN NORTH AMERICA, AS EVIDENCED BY ITS INITIAL MOVE INTO SPRING WHEAT FROM NATIVE GRASSES IN THE EARLY 1900S, THE MORE RECENT ADAPTATION TO WINTER WHEAT IN THE NORTHERN AND CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS AND NOW INTO BARLEY. HISTORICAL SOLID STEM RESISTANCE FROM ONE SOURCE HAS BEEN DEPLOYED IN SPRING AND WINTER WHEAT FIELDS FOR MORE THAN A HALF A CENTURY IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS AND NOW IS BEING RAPIDLY INCORPORATED INTO WHEAT BREEDING PROGRAMS IN THE CENTRAL PLAINS. WE ARE FIGHTING AN ARMS RACE WITH THIS RESILIENT INSECT, AND WE NEED EVERY WEAPON AVAILABLE TO FIGHT THIS PEST. THE OUTCOME OF THIS PROPOSAL WILL BE THE IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL LOCI RESISTANT TO WSS IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT, TETRAPLOID DURUM AND BARLEY. THESE RESULTS WILL IMPROVE WSS RESISTANCE BREEDING IN ALL THREE CROPS, PLUS THE DURUM RESISTANCE GENES HAVE THE POTENTIAL OF BEING CROSSED INTO HEXAPLOID WHEAT, WHICH CURRENTLY EXPERIENCES THE WORST WSS DAMAGE. ONCE WE IDENTIFY WSS RESISTANT LOCI AND VALIDATE THEM USING NILS, WE WILL ELUCIDATE THE MECHANISM(S) OF RESISTANCE, WHICH COULD LEAD TO ADDITION UNKNOWN SOURCES OF RESISTANCE THAT WILL FURTHER DIVERSIFY OUR GENETIC TOOLBOX FOR BREEDING WSS RESISTANT VARIETIES. BY DEPLOYING MULTIPLE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS, WE WILL MAKE IT HARDER FOR THE WSS OVERCOME PLANT HOST RESISTANCE IN VARIETIES. LIMITING THE SPREAD OF THE WSS TO OTHER REGIONS AND CROPS WILL HELP REDUCE THE THREAT FROM WSS EVOLUTION. THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF THIS RESEARCH WILL BE TO IDENTIFY, COMBINE AND DEPLOY WSS RESISTANCE INTO NEW ELITE VARIETIES, AND TRAIN GRADUATE STUDENTS IN HOW TO IDENTIFY AND DEPLOY HOST PLANT RESISTANCE TO INSECT PESTS IN NEW VARIETIES.

$649,900FY2023National Institute of Food and AgricultureUSDA

Montana State University, Bozeman MT

Investigators

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** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** WHEAT STEM SAWFLY IS A HIGHLY ADAPTABLE ENDEMIC INSECT SPECIES IN NORTH AMERICA, AS EVIDENCED BY ITS INITIAL MOVE INTO SPRING WHEAT FROM NATIVE GRASSES IN THE EARLY 1900S, THE MORE RECENT ADAPTATION TO WINTER WHEAT IN THE NORTHERN AND CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS AND NOW INTO BARLEY. HISTORICAL SOLID STEM RESISTANCE FROM ONE SOURCE HAS BEEN DEPLOYED IN SPRING AND WINTER WHEAT FIELDS FOR MORE THAN A HALF A CENTURY IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS AND NOW IS BEING RAPIDLY INCORPORATED INTO WHEAT BREEDING PROGRAMS IN THE CENTRAL PLAINS. WE ARE FIGHTING AN ARMS RACE WITH THIS RESILIENT INSECT, AND WE NEED EVERY WEAPON AVAILABLE TO FIGHT THIS PEST. THE OUTCOME OF THIS PROPOSAL WILL BE THE IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL LOCI RESISTANT TO WSS IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT, TETRAPLOID DURUM AND BARLEY. THESE RESULTS WILL IMPROVE WSS RESISTANCE BREEDING IN ALL THREE CROPS, PLUS THE DURUM RESISTANCE GENES HAVE THE POTENTIAL OF BEING CROSSED INTO HEXAPLOID WHEAT, WHICH CURRENTLY EXPERIENCES THE WORST WSS DAMAGE. ONCE WE IDENTIFY WSS RESISTANT LOCI AND VALIDATE THEM USING NILS, WE WILL ELUCIDATE THE MECHANISM(S) OF RESISTANCE, WHICH COULD LEAD TO ADDITION UNKNOWN SOURCES OF RESISTANCE THAT WILL FURTHER DIVERSIFY OUR GENETIC TOOLBOX FOR BREEDING WSS RESISTANT VARIETIES. BY DEPLOYING MULTIPLE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS, WE WILL MAKE IT HARDER FOR THE WSS OVERCOME PLANT HOST RESISTANCE IN VARIETIES. LIMITING THE SPREAD OF THE WSS TO OTHER REGIONS AND CROPS WILL HELP REDUCE THE THREAT FROM WSS EVOLUTION. THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF THIS RESEARCH WILL BE TO IDENTIFY, COMBINE AND DEPLOY WSS RESISTANCE INTO NEW ELITE VARIETIES, AND TRAIN GRADUATE STUDENTS IN HOW TO IDENTIFY AND DEPLOY HOST PLANT RESISTANCE TO INSECT PESTS IN NEW VARIETIES. · GrantIndex