** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** RICE PRODUCTION FACES INCREASING CONCERNS OF FRESHWATER SHORTAGES DUE TO THE SALINIZATION OF WATER AND DROUGHT EVENTS. BESIDES THE CONCERNS OVER FRESHWATER SCARCITY, REDUCING GHG IS ANOTHER CHALLENGE IN RICE PRODUCTION. RECENTLY, A GREAT INTEREST HAS TURNED TO RICE PRODUCED IN FURROW-IRRIGATED FIELDS OR ROW RICE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF THE U.S. HOWEVER, FURROW-IRRIGATED RICE HAS GENERALLY SHOWN SIMILAR OR EVEN LOW YIELDS AS COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL DELAYED CONTINUOUS FLOODING RICE PRODUCTION, LIKELY DUE TO INCREASED NITROGEN (N) LOSS. RESEARCH SHOWED THAT COVER CROPS AND N INHIBITORS/STABILIZERS HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO ENHANCE NUTRIENT CYCLING (ESPECIALLY N), SUPPRESS WEEDS, REDUCE SOIL EROSION, AND MITIGATE GHG EMISSIONS. TO INVESTIGATE THE INFLUENCE OF THE FURROW-IRRIGATED RICE COMBINED WITH WINTER COVER CROP IN THE AGROECOSYSTEM, AN ISSUE LISTED IN PROGRAM PRIORITY AREA A1451, WE PROPOSED A THREE-YEAR STUDY WITH FOUR SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: 1) TO QUANTIFY AND COMPARE THE AGRONOMIC BENEFITS OF THE FURROW-IRRIGATED RICE-COVER CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEM, 2) TO DETERMINE AND EVALUATE THE IMPACTS OF FURROW-IRRIGATED RICE-COVER CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEM ON THE SOIL HEALTH PARAMETERS, 3) TO QUANTIFY AND ASSESS GHG REDUCTION OF THE FURROW-IRRIGATED RICE-COVER CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEM, 4) MODELING APPROACHES TO EVALUATE THE GHG EMISSIONS AND SCORING SOIL HEALTH PARAMETERS. WE WILL CONDUCT A FIELD EXPERIMENT AT RICE RESEARCH STATION IN LSU AGCENTER TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGEMENT IN MITIGATING GHG EMISSIONS AND IMPROVING SOIL HEALTH. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL SIMULATE AND SCORING SOIL HEALTH PARAMETERS USING THE DNDC MODEL AND THE MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL APPROACHES/STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL.