**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CURRENT FIELD APPLICATION MODELS ASSUME THAT THE EFFICIENCY OF CONVERSION OF EACH ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID IS INDEPENDENT OF THE STATE OF OTHER NUTRIENTS AND AMINO ACIDS. THE IMPACT OF ENERGY ON MILK PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WAS CAPTURED IN THE RECENT NRC MODEL. HOWEVER, OUR PRELIMINARY WORK DEMONSTRATED THAT THE SUPPLY OF SOME NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS INFLUENCED TEH RATE OF MAMMARY UPTAKE AND THUS SHOULD ALTER THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSFER FROM THE GUT LUMEN TO MILK PROTIEN. THUS NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS CANNOT BE IGNORED AS IS CURRENLTY THE CASE IN FIELD APPLICATION. THERE MAY ALSO BE OTHER INTERACTIONS AMONG THE ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. OUR PROPOSED EXPERIMENTATION WILL IDENTIFY ANY SUCH INTERACTIONS INCLUDING WITH NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. THE PROPOSED MODEL WORK WILL INTEGRATE THAT RAW DATA RESULTING IN IMPROVED PREDICTIONS OF MAMMARY AMINO ACID UPTAKE AND MILK PROTEIN OUTPUT. THE MODIFIED MODEL WILL PROVIDE IMPROVE PREDICITON PRECISION ALLOWING DIETS TO BE FORMULATED AT LOWER TOTAL PROTEIN WHILE NOT COMPROMISING PRODUCTION. THIS WILL LEAD TO IMPROVED INDUSTRY ECONOMICS, REDUCED NITROGEN EXCRETION, AND REDUCED ENVIORNMENTAL IMPACT.