**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CENTRAL TO THE CHALLENGE OF CONSERVING GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY IS AN INCREASINGLY DEMANDING HUMAN POPULATION WITH ESCALATING RATES OF CONSUMPTION.THE PROVISION AND USE OF FOREST PRODUCTS IS NO EXCEPTION, WITH CURRENT ROUNDWOOD PRODUCTION EQUAL TO 3.7 BILLION M3/YEAR AND PROJECTED GROWTH IN WOOD DEMAND OF 30% BY 2050. FORESTS REMAIN OF HIGH ECONOMIC VALUE TO HUMANITY, WORTH OVER $US 600 BILLION ANNUALLY,BUT WOOD PRODUCTION POTENTIALLY THREATENS OTHER CRITICAL VALUES INCLUDING FOREST BIODIVERSITY AND CARBON STOCKS, WHICH ARE BOTH IN RAPID DECLINE. OUR RESEARCH AIMS TO USE QUANTITATIVE METHODS TO DETERMINE THE BEST APPROACH FOR BALANCING TIMBER PRODUCTION WITH A VARIETY OF OTHER ECOSYSTEM SERVICES - PARTICULARLY CARBON STORAGE AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION. WE WILL USE STATE-OF-THE-ART DNA SEQUENCING TECHNIQUES ALONG WITH OTHER TECHNIQUESTO MEASURE BIODIVERSITY FOR HUNDREDS OF SPECIES (INCLUDING FUNGI, ARTHROPODS, MAMMALS, AND BIRDS. THESE DATA WILL THEN BE USED IN A DYNAMIC FOREST MANAGEMENT MODEL TO TEST THE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT LANDSCAPE-SCALE SCENARIOS AT CONSERVING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES.