**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CURRENTLY, TWO IMPORTANT PROBLEMS EXIST FOR THE RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT COMMUNITY: 1) EXISTING PEST MONITORING NETWORKS MEASURE MOTH ACTIVITY AND ARE NOT DESIGNED TO DETECT SIGNALS OF EMERGING RESISTANCE TO BT TOXINS; AND 2) TRADITIONAL BIOASSAY OR GENETIC METHODS TO MEASURE CHANGES IN SUSCEPTIBILITY ARE VERY COSTLY AND TIME CONSUMING. TO ADDRESS THESE LINKED PROBLEMS, WE PROPOSE TO DEVELOP AND DEPLOY A NEW HYBRID BT RESISTANCE DETECTION NETWORK THAT COUPLES BT CORN SENTINEL PLANTINGS WITH AUTOMATED PHEROMONE NETWORK INSTRUMENTS TO UNDERSTAND BOTH LOCAL SURVIVAL OF TARGETED PEST TO ADULT FOLLOWING EXPOSURE ON PLANTS EXPRESSING BT TOXINS IN THE LANDSCAPE. OUR APPROACH WILL CONNECT ADVANCEMENTS IN INEXPENSIVE INSTRUMENTATION AND NOVEL DATA ANALYSIS PIPELINES TO RAPIDLY INCREASE THE SPATIAL EXTENT AND TEMPORAL CONTINUITY OF PEST RESISTANCE MONITORING TO MORE EFFECTIVELY DETECT CHANGING SUSCEPTIBILITY IN A TIMELY MANNER. TO DO THIS, WE WILL USE A TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH APPROACH THAT UNIFIES IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY, RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT, ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, DATA ANALYTICS, AND SPATIAL STATISTICS. THIS PROJECT WILL WORK TOWARD DESIGNING A NEW RESISTANCE MONITORING APPROACH THAT INCORPORATES BIOTIC MONITORING DATA AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA WITH RIGOROUS ANALYSIS APPROACHES TO DEVELOP A NOVEL, SCALABLE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR BT RESISTANCE IN MOTH PESTS. TOGETHER, THIS COUPLED MONITORING APPROACH WILL MEASURE KEY ASPECTS OF MOTH ACTIVITY ESSENTIAL TO UNDERSTANDING CHANGING BT SUSCEPTIBILITY AT MULTIPLE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL SCALES.