GENOME TO PHENOME: IMPROVING ANIMAL HEALTH, PRODUCTION AND WELL-BEING IS THE NEW USDA BLUEPRINT FOR ANIMAL GENOME RESEARCH 2018 - 2027. ESSENTIALLY, THE TRANSCRIPTOME BRIDGES THE GENETIC INFORMATION FLOW FROM GENOME TO PHENOME AND THUS COORDINATES MULTI-TYPES OF CELLS WITH DISTINCT FUNCTIONS IN RESPONSE TO VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTS. AS SUCH, UNDERSTANDING OF THE ORCHESTRATED RNA EVENTS AT THE SINGLE CELL LEVEL IS IMPERATIVE, BECAUSE THIS INFORMATION WILL PROVIDE CRUCIAL INSIGHTS INTO ANIMAL HEALTH, PRODUCTION AND WELL-BEING. UNFORTUNATELY, APPLICATION OF SINGLE CELL RNA SEQUENCING (SCRNA-SEQ) METHODS IN STUDIES OF CELLULAR HETEROGENEITY IN FARM ANIMALS HAS DRAMATICALLY LAGGED BEHIND SIMILAR STUDIES IN HUMANS. ALTHOUGH MORE THAN 20 SINGLE CELL RNA SEQUENCING (SCRNA-SEQ) METHODS ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE, THEIR SENSITIVITY, EFFICIENCY, AND REPRODUCIBILITY ARE VERY LOW IN COMPARISON TO BULK RNA-SEQ METHODS. IN THIS PROJECT, WE WILL ADAPT OUR WHOLE TRANSCRIPTOME START AND TERMINI SITE SEQUENCING (WTSS-SEQ AND WTTS-SEQ) METHODS INTO SCWTSS-SEQ AND SCWTTS-SEQ METHODS. WE DEEPLY BELIEVE THAT OUR BIAS- AND NOISE-FREE SCRNA-SEQ METHODS WILL HELP BROAD RESEARCH COMMUNITIES ACCURATELY INVESTIGATE CELLULAR HETEROGENEITY AND THUS ADVANCE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE GENOME-TO-PHENOME PROCESSES UNDERLYING ANIMAL PERFORMANCE FOR MAXIMAL ECONOMIC GAIN.