**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES ALTER ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIOLOGICAL GOODS AND SERVICES PRODUCED BY ECOSYSTEMS. OFTEN, MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES REQUIRES MAKING TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PROVIDED. THE DIVERSITY OF USER GROUPS WITHIN ECOSYSTEMS, PARTICULARLY ON PUBLIC LANDS, OFTEN RESULTS IN VARIED PERCEPTION OF THE INTENDED OUTCOMES OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AND STAKEHOLDER GROUPS BEING IMPACTED IN DIVERSE WAYS. GRAZING BY LIVESTOCK IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID RANGELANDS IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE THAT CAN POTENTIALLY INFLUENCE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING AND SERVICE PRODUCTION, INCLUDING AVAILABILITY OF FORAGE AND WATER, PRESENCE OF BIODIVERSITY, AND RESILIENCE TO OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES, SUCH AS INVASIVE SPECIES (STELLA AND BENDIX 2019). THE ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES THAT SPECIFIC GRAZING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES CAN IMPOSE ALSO HAVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS, AS MANY RURAL COMMUNITIES IN THE WESTERN U.S. ARE AGRICULTURAL OR RESOURCE-BASED. ALTHOUGH THE INTENT OF RANGELAND MANAGEMENT IS TO SIMULTANEOUSLY CREATE ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL BENEFITS OFTEN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ARE ENACTED WITHOUT COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING THE MULTI-FACETED IMPLICATIONS.OUR LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO INFORM RANGELAND MANAGEMENT POLICY TO ENHANCE ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO- ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY OF RANGELANDS IN THE WESTERN U.S. BY IDENTIFYING AND ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL TRADE-OFFS AND SYNERGIES CREATED BY GRAZING MANAGEMENT OF RIPARIAN SYSTEMS. WE WILL FOCUS ON RIPARIAN SYSTEMS WITHIN SEMI-ARID RANGELANDS IN SOUTHERN IDAHO AND WESTERN WYOMING, WHERE ONGOING RESEARCH BY OUR TEAM AND STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIPS ARE WELL-ESTABLISHED. RANGELANDS IN THIS REGION FACE MANY ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL PRESSURES, INCLUDING LIVESTOCK GRAZING, DROUGHT, INVASIVE SPECIES, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS, AND COMPETING STAKEHOLDER INTERESTS.