DISCONTENT WITH GLOBALIZATION AND THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF TRADE IN SOME SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY HAS RESULTED IN INCREASED TRADE BARRIERS. AGRICULTURE IN THE U.S. RELIES CRITICALLY ON ACCESS TO FOREIGN MARKETS AND IT IS IMPORTANT TO QUANTIFY THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS FROM TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND THE LOSSES FROM NEW BARRIERS. OUR PROJECT PROVIDES THIS CRITICAL INFORMATION BY USING HISTORICAL DATA AND MODERN ECONOMETRIC METHODS TO ESTIMATE HOW CHANGES IN ACCESS TO FOREIGN MARKETS--THROUGH CHANGES IN FOREIGN TARIFFS--HAS IMPACTED THE RETURNS TO LANDOWNERS AND FARM OPERATORS. LANDOWNERS AND FARM OPERATORS ARE THE TWO PRIMARY BENEFICIARIES OF IMPROVED ACCESS TO FOREIGN MARKETS, BUT THE SHARE OF BENEFITS RECEIVED BY FARM OPERATORS LIKELY DIFFERS IN THE SHORT-RUN AND THE LONG-RUN. WE WILL ESTIMATE THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE TRADE BARRIERS (TARIFFS AND NON-TARIFF MEASURES) FACED BY U.S. GRAINS AND OILSEEDS PRODUCERS ON LOCAL FARM PRICES, LAND RETURNS AND THE INCOME OF FARM OPERATORS. WE WILL THEN ESTIMATE A STRUCTURAL GRAVITY MODEL OF TRADE THAT WILL ALLOW FOR OBTAINING THEORETICALLY SOUND COUNTERFACTUAL CHANGES IN TRADE BARRIERS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MAJOR ISSUES FACING U.S. EXPORTERS OF GRAINS AND OILSEEDS TO SYNTHESIZE THE RESULTS AND INFORM POLICYMAKERS. THESE COUNTERFACTUAL CHANGES IN TRADE BARRIERS WILL BE USED TO QUANTIFY THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TRADE POLICIES ON FARM PRICES, LAND RETURNS, AND THE INCOME OF FARM OPERATORS. THIS PROJECT DIRECTLY RESPONDS TO THE ECONOMIC, MARKETSAND TRADE PROGRAM AREA PRIORITY, BY FOCUSING ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND AGRICULTURAL POLICY.