**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** CARBAPENEMS ARE AMONG OUR MOST VALUABLE ANTIBIOTICS, AND CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (CRE) REPRESENT AN URGENT PUBLIC HEALTH THREAT. WE HAVE FOUND THAT CRE IN HEALTHCARE ARE TRANSPORTED IN HOSPITAL WASTE TO TREATMENT PLANTS WHERE THEY SURVIVE AND ARE DISCHARGED INTO SURFACE WATERS AND ACCUMULATE IN FISH AND WILDLIFE. THUS, CRE CAN BE DISSEMINATED FROM SURFACE WATERS INTO LIVESTOCK POPULATIONS IN THE BROADER WATERSHED. THERE IS EVIDENCE THAT FREQUENT CEPHALOSPORIN USE IN LIVESTOCK CAN AMPLIFY CRE. THUS, IF CRE WERE INTRODUCED INTO FOOD ANIMALS, THEY WOULD THREATEN ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, AND COULD ENTER THE FOOD SUPPLY IN FRESH MEAT. THEREFORE, PREVENTING THE DISSEMINATION OF CRE INTO THE ENVIRONMENT AND LIVESTOCK IS A CRITICALLY IMPORTANT FOOD-SAFETY INTERVENTION. WE PROPOSE TO ASSESS AND IDENTIFY MEANS TO MITIGATE THE RISK TO THE FOOD CHAIN THAT IS POSED BY THE DISSEMINATION OF CRE INTO AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS. OUR GOAL IS TO UNDERSTAND THE RISK THAT CRE ENVIRONMENTAL DISSEMINATION POSES TO US ANIMAL AGRICULTURE AND INLAND FISHERIES. TO ACCOMPLISH THIS, WE PROPOSE TO: 1. QUANTIFY CRE AND CARBAPENEMASE GENES IN WASTEWATER FLOWS, FISH POPULATIONS, AND SURFACE WATERS OF AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; 2. IDENTIFY TRANSPORT VECTORS CAPABLE OF INTRODUCING CRE INTO AGRICULTURAL ANIMAL POPULATIONS IN THE WATERSHED; 3. MONITOR FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF CRE INTO AGRICULTURAL ANIMAL POPULATIONS; AND 4) CREATE A TRANSDISCIPLINARY ONE HEALTH STUDENT TRAINING PROGRAM ADDRESSING ISSUES OF ANTIMICROBIAL USE, RESISTANCE, AND STEWARDSHIP FROM THE HUMAN, ANIMAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. THIS DIRECTLY ADDRESSES TWO PROGRAM PRIORITIES: (1) THE ROLE OF COMMENSAL ORGANISMS IN THE EMERGENCE, SPREAD AND SELECTION OF AMR IN AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS; AND (2) IDENTIFY AND ESTABLISH RESOURCES FOR COMMUNICATING AND DISPENSING AMR-RELATED CURRICULA, BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, AND OTHERS TO COMBAT AMR.