MICROGRAVITY AND RADIATION ARE STRESSORS UNIQUE TO THE SPACEFLIGHT ENVIRONMENT THAT CAN HAVE AN IMPACT ON THE CENTRAL NERVE SYSTEM (CNS). THEY POTENTIALLY COULD LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT RISKS TO ASTRONAUT HEALTH BOTH ACUTELY DURING THE COURSE OF A MISSION OR CHRONICALLY LEADING TO LONG-TERM POST-MISSION DECREMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE. TO DATE THE MECHANISMS BEHIND THESE EFFECTS ARE NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT BOTH MICROGRAVITY ENCOUNTERED BY ASTRONAUTS IN SPACE AS WELL AS MODELED MICROGRAVITY ON EARTH CAN INDUCE MANY DELETERIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS INCLUDING CHANGES IN BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. A RECENT REPORT ALSO SHOWS THAT MORE THAN 50% OF THE ASTRONAUTS RETURNING FROM SPACE WERE DIAGNOSED WITH EYE PROBLEMS THAT CAN CAUSE HEADACHES AND BLURRY VISION. THE HEALTH RISKS OF SPACE FLIGHT ASSOCIATED SKIN DAMAGE AND CARCINOGENESIS HAVE LONG BEEN A CONCERN. THE SKIN IS A UNIQUE ORGAN BECAUSE IT IS RELATIVELY UNPROTECTED; SOME PART OF IT IS CONSTANTLY EXPOSED TO RADIATION ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL ABRASION. IN-FLIGHT STRESSES DURING AIRLINE FLIGHTS AS WELL AS SPACE TRAVEL COULD IMPACT CERTAIN BEHAVIORS FROM A DERMATOLOGICAL STANDPOINT. SKIN DISEASES WERE LEADING IN PROBABILITY RANKING FOR OCCURRENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING SPACE FLIGHT. LIKE RADIATION ONE OF THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE RESPONSE TO SPACEFLIGHT IS OXIDATIVE STRESS. THE CNS IS SENSITIVE TO OXIDATIVE INJURY DUE TO HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF OXIDIZABLE UNSATURATED LIPIDS AND LOW LEVELS OF ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES. OXIDATIVE STRESS HAS ALSO BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF MANY SKIN LESIONS AND DISEASES. THE PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE DAMAGE IN BRAIN EYE AND SKIN IN A GROUND-BASED MODEL FOR SPACEFLIGHT WHICH INCLUDES PROLONGED UNLOADING AND LOW-DOSE RADIATION. LOW-DOSE/LOW-DOSE-RATE (LDR) -RADIATION USING 57CO PLATES (0.04 GY) WAS DELIVERED WHOLE-BODY TO MATURE 6-MONTH OLD FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE TO SIMULATE THE RADIATION COMPONENT. ANTI-ORTHOSTATIC TAIL SUSPENSION WAS USED TO MODEL THE UNLOADING FLUID SHIFT AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS ASPECTS OF THE MICROGRAVITY COMPONENT.
$215,686FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA
Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA