CLOUDS AND HAZES HAVE SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS ON PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES. THEY TRANSPORT HEAT AND MASS AFFECT THE RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM INFLUENCE THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AMONG OTHERS. WITHIN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM THE EFFECTS OF CLOUDS ARE STUDIED THOROUGHLY FOR EVERY PLANETS AND MOON THAT THEY FORM ON BUT FOR EXOPLANETARY ATMOSPHERES WE ARE JUST BEGINNING TO UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF CLOUDS. AS OBSERVATIONS BECOME MORE DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE NEW DATA SUGGESTS THAT MANY FEATURES IN THE OBSERVED PHASE CURVES AND SPECTRA ARE THE RESULTS OF CLOUDY AND/OR CLOUD- FREE ATMOSPHERES. PREVIOUS DYNAMICAL MODELS EXCLUDED CLOUDS OR MODELED ONLY DUST CLOUDS AND WITH THAT THEY ALSO EXCLUDED THE WIDE RANGE OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EFFECTS THAT OTHER CONDENSATIONAL CLOUDS PRODUCE. THE PI HAS PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED A HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE FOR THE GAS GIANT PLANETS THAT INCLUDES VARIOUS SPECIES (E.G NH3 H2O CH4) AND MULTIPLE PHASES FOR EACH SPECIES. IN THIS PROJECT THIS MICROPHYSICS MODEL WILL GET EXTENDED FOR CONDENSATIONAL IRON CLOUDS IN SUBSTELLAR ATMOSPHERES. WE WILL ADOPT THE MITGCM AS THE DYNAMICAL CORE FOR OUR SIMULATIONS AND INCORPORATE THE JOVIAN CLOUD SCHEME INTO IT. THIS MODEL WAS USED PREVIOUSLY FOR SIMULATING VARIOUS EXOPLANET ATMOSPHERES AND BY MATCHING THOSE (DRY) CASES WE WILL VALIDATE OUR MODEL. COLLABORATOR BLECIC WILL PROVIDE TEMPERATURE AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION PROFILES FOR VARIOUS PLANETS USING HER THERMOCHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM ABUNDANCES (TEA) MODEL TO WHICH CONDENSABLE SPECIES WILL BE ADDED. OUR HYDRODYNAMIC CODE WILL PRODUCE SELFORGANIZING CLOUDS; WINDS WILL ADVECT CONDENSABLE MATERIAL THAT WILL FORM AND EVAPORATE CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION BASED ON LOCAL THERMODYNAMIC CONDITIONS. OUR RESULTING CLOUD FIELD THEN WILL BE INTEGRATED INTO HARRINGTON S LINE-BY-LINE RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODEL (TRANSIT) TO CREATE SYNTHETIC SPECTRA AND PHASE CURVES THAT WILL BE COMPARED TO OBSERVATIONS. DYNAMICAL MODELERS HAVE BEEN WORKING TOWARDS INTERPRETING EXOPLANET PHASE CURVES THIS PROJECT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THIS EFFORT BY FOCUSING ON THE ROLE OF CLOUDS. THE PROPOSED SCIENCE IS IN LINE NASA S INTEREST IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COMPOSITION AND ENERGETICS OF EXOPLANETARY ATMOSPHERES.
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