WE PROPOSE TO INVESTIGATE THE RESOLVED VARIATIONS OF THE DUST ABUNDANCE AND PROPERTIES WITHIN AND BETWEEN GALAXIES IN THE NEARBY UNIVERSE TO INFORM CHEMICAL EVOLUTION MODELS CONSTRAIN DUST FORMATION AND DESTRUCTION PROCESSES AND TIMESCALES AND IMPROVE DUST AND GAS MASS ESTIMATES IN THE DISTANT UNIVERSE. WE WILL FIRST ANCHOR ARCHIVAL SPITZER AND HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS OF NEARBY GALAXIES TO PREVIOUS ALL-SKY OBSERVATIONS WITH IRAS COBE/DIRBE AND PLANCK TO ACCOUNT FOR DIFFUSE DUST EMISSION NOT DETECTED IN SPITZER AND HERSCHEL DUE TO THE NATURE OF THOSE MEASUREMENTS. WE WILL THUS CONSIDERABLY IMPROVE THE CALIBRATION AND LEGACY VALUE OF HERSCHEL AND SPITZER SCIENCE PRODUCTS. WE WILL APPLY AN EXISTING DUST MODEL TO THE SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION (SED) IN THE IMPROVED SPITZER AND HERSCHEL DATA PRODUCTS AND DERIVE MAPS OF THE DUST SURFACE DENSITY PROPERTIES AND ABUNDANCE IN NEARBY GALAXIES WHICH WILL BE MADE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE. BECAUSE FAINT DUST EMISSION IS NOT DETECTED IN INDIVIDUAL PIXELS WE WILL ALSO USE A STACKING ANALYSIS TO MEASURE HOW THE DUST SURFACE DENSITY AND ABUNDANCE (GAS-TO-DUST RATIO G/D) VARY WITH GAS SURFACE DENSITY OVER THE WHOLE SURFACE DENSITY RANGE OF THE ISM INCLUDING THE VERY DIFFUSE ISM (?GAS<A FEW MO PC-2) WHERE DUST DESTRUCTION PROCESSES ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE. WE WILL DETERMINE HOW THE RELATION BETWEEN DUST ABUNDANCE AND GAS SURFACE DENSITY VARIES WITH METALLICITY AND HUBBLE TYPE AND COMPARE OUR OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE DUST SCALING RELATIONS (G/D VS ?GAS METALLICITY AND HUBBLE TYPE) WITH RESOLVED CHEMICAL EVOLUTION MODELS. THIS WILL ALLOW US TO CONSTRAIN DUST FORMATION AND DESTRUCTION PROCESSES AND THEIR ASSOCIATED TIMESCALES. THE DUST SCALING RELATIONS DERIVED IN THE NEARBY UNIVERSE WILL BE APPLICABLE TO THE HIGH-REDSHIFT UNIVERSE AND SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE THE ACCURACY OF DUST-BASED GAS MASS ESTIMATES.