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PHYTOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE AND TYPE HAVE DIRECT CONSEQUENCES ON THE HEALTH AND VITALITY OF MARINE ORGANISMS ACROSS THE WEB OF THE OCEANIC ECOSYSTEM INCLUDING THOSE ORGANISMS OF SOCIETAL BENEFIT THAT ARE HARVESTED THROUGH FISHERIES. IN ADDITION PHYTOPLANKTON MAY PLAY A ROLE IN THE CARBON CYCLE DRAWING CARBON FROM THE ATMOSPHERE THROUGH ITS UPTAKE DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND THROUGH A COMPLEX SET OF PROCESSES CAUSING THAT CARBON TO PASS THROUGH TO THE DEEP OCEAN WHICH SERVES AS A LONG-TERM RESERVOIR IN THE CARBON BUDGET. THUS TO INSURE A PRODUCTIVE OCEAN WITH ITS ESSENTIAL FOOD SOURCES AND TO REDUCE UNCERTAINTY IN PREDICTING CLIMATE CHANGE BY PLUGGING HOLES IN OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE CARBON CYCLE WE MUST UNDERSTAND PHYTOPLANKTON DYNAMICS. PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH IS DEPENDENT ON SEVERAL FACTORS INCLUDING THE NECESSARY NUTRIENTS OF PHOSPHORUS NITROGEN AND IRON. NUTRIENTS MAY ENTER OCEANIC ECOSYSTEMS FROM A VARIETY OF MARINE SOURCES: UPWELLING RIVER AND ESTUARY OUTFLOW ETC. HOWEVER THERE IS ALSO A LONG-STANDING HYPOTHESIS THAT AIRBORNE TRANSPORT OF MINERAL DUST AND VOLCANIC ASH DEPOSITED INTO OCEANIC WATERS PROVIDES A SIGNIFICANT SOURCE OF THESE NUTRIENTS PARTICULARILY IN OPEN OCEANS. THE HYPOTHESIS IS SUPPORTED BY CASE STUDIES BUT PROOF OF GLOBAL IMPACT IS STILL MISSING. THE TIME IS RIGHT TO DECISIVELY PROVE OR REFUTE THE HYPOTHESIS. THERE IS NEW UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF THE PHYTOPLANKTON AND NEW REMOTE SENSING AND ANALYSIS METHODS THAT CAN BE APPLIED TO THE LONG TIME SERIES OF TERRA/AQUA-MODIS SNPP-VIIRS CALIPSO-CALIOP PLUS REANALYSIS PRODUCTS TO BOTH CONSTRAIN DEPOSITION OF NUTRIENTS INTO THE OCEAN AND PHYTOPLANKTON RESPONSE TO THE POTENTIAL FERTILIZATION. THUS WE PROPOSE AN INTERDISCIPLINARY AND MULTI-SENSOR REMOTE SENSING STUDY THAT WILL TARGET DEPOSITION EVENTS IN THE OCEANIC REGIONS SUSCEPTIBLE TO AIRBORNE FERTILIZATION AND FAVORABLE FOR REMOTE SENSING OBSERVATIONS. BY CREATING SUFFICIENT STATISTICS FROM THESE EVENTS WE INTEND TO EVALUATE WHEN AND UNDER WHAT ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS A DEPOSITION EVENT WILL TRIGGER A PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM AND TO CHARACTERIZE INDEPENDENTLY THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOMASS CHARACTERISTICS OF THAT BLOOM. UNLIKE ANY PREVIOUS STUDY WE WILL COMBINE OBSERVATIONAL AND REANALYSIS DATA TO IDENTIFY DEPOSITION EVENTS AT FINE TEMPORAL SCALE AND LOOK BEYOND SIMPLE CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATIONS TO EVALUATE A RANGE OF SPECIFIC OCEANIC ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES. THIS WORK REPRESENTS SIGNIFICANT NEW SCIENCE THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED WITH THE AVAILABILITY OF LONG TIME SERIES OF RELIABLE REMOTE SENSING ASSETS. OUR STUDY TAKES A GLOBAL AND LONG-TERM PERSPECTIVE BUT APPROACHES THE PROBLEM ON AN EVENT-BY-EVENT BASIS. THE GOAL IS TO UNDERSTAND THE PROCESSES THAT LINK ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL TO OCEAN BIOLOGY SO THAT IN THE FUTURE WE CAN PREDICT CONSEQUENCES TO OCEAN FOOD CHAINS FISHERIES AND THE CARBON CYCLE AS ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATIONS AND COMPOSITION CHANGE.

$637,764FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA

University Of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore MD

Investigators

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