WE REMAIN PROFOUNDLY IGNORANT OF THE BASIC NATURE OF 70 PERCENT OF THE UNIVERSE--OUR BEST PHYSICAL THEORY OVERPREDICTS THE DARK ENERGY DENSITY BY 120 ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE. FUTURE MISSIONS SUCH AS WFIRST AND EUCLID EXPLICITLY PROPOSE TO ADDRESS THIS FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL QUESTION BY CONDUCTING HIGH NUMBER-DENSITY GALAXY SURVEYS; HOWEVER STANDARD METHODS OF ANALYSIS ESSENTIALLY DISCARD A LARGE FRACTION OF SUCH SURVEYS' INFORMATION. IN PARTICULAR A LARGE FRACTION OF THE INFORMATION INHERENT IN THE GALAXY COUNTS DOES NOT APPEAR IN THOSE COUNTS' POWER SPECTRUM. HOWEVER APPLYING A SPECIFIC NONLINEAR TRANSFORMATION TO THESE COUNTS YIELDS A "SUFFICIENT STATISTIC" (DENOTED A*) WHOSE POWER SPECTRUM AND MEAN REFLECT VIRTUALLY ALL OF A SURVEY'S AVAILABLE COSMOLOGICAL INFORMATION (CARRON&SZAPUDI 2014). WE PROPOSE TO CAPTURE THIS ELUSIVE INFORMATION BY PREDICTING THE REDSHIFT-SPACE POWER SPECTRUM OF THE OPTIMAL OBSERVABLE A*. THE ABILITY TO PREDICT THE A*-POWER SPECTRUM FOR GIVEN VALUES OF COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS WILL ALLOW COMPARISON OF THE EMPIRICAL SPECTRUM WITH THAT PREDICTED BY THEORY. WE ALSO PROPOSE TO CONDUCT A "PROOF OF CONCEPT" APPLICATION OF THIS TECHNIQUE USING DATA AVAILABLE WITHIN THE NEXT TWO YEARS. OUR GOAL IN THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TO REALIZE AN INFORMATION GAIN OF AT LEAST A FACTOR OF TWO WITH A CORRESPONDING TIGHTENING OF THE DARK ENERGY PARAMETERS. OUR APPROACH IS UNIQUE IN THAT IT IS NOT AN INCREMENTAL INTENSIFICATION OF STANDARD TECHNIQUES: INDEED TO ACHIEVE THESE RESULTS WITH STANDARD TECHNIQUES WOULD REQUIRE DOUBLING THE SURVEY VOLUME AND OUR TECHNIQUE IS IN FACT VIRTUALLY THE ONLY NON-INCREMENTAL APPROACH PURSUED TODAY. INSTEAD WE PROPOSE AN INNOVATIVE AND YET TESTED TECHNIQUE WHICH COMBINES THE WORK OF MULTIPLE RESEARCHERS OVER THE PAST DECADE AND WHICH PROMISES AT A STROKE TO DOUBLE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE BEHAVIOR OF DARK ENERGY
$80,839FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA
University Of Hawaii, Honolulu