THE SOUTHERN RESIDUAL ICE DEPOSITS OF MARS COMPRISE BOTH WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE ICES. SURFICIAL CO2 ICE EXHIBITS COMPLEX PATTERNS OF EROSION AND DEPOSITION THAT ARE A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF MASS BALANCE IN THE CURRENT OBLIQUITY EPOCH AND THE LONG TERM STABILITY OF THE CAP. WATER ICE IS OBSERVED AT THE MARGINS OF THE RESIDUAL CO2 ICE WITH THE LARGEST EXPOSURE LOCATED AT THE BASE OF THE STEEPEST SCARP OF THE POLAR CAP DOME (FROM 82-84S AND 315-5E). IN A RECENT ANALYSIS OF MARCI IMAGERY THIS LARGE OUTLIER IS OBSERVED TO RETAIN SEASONAL CO2 FROST AS LATE AS LS 340 AND HAS SIGNIFICANT ANNUAL VARIABILITY IN LATE SUMMER APPEARANCE FROM YEAR TO YEAR. WATER ICE EXPOSURES ARE INFERRED TO BE CONTIGUOUS LAYERS WITHIN AND UNDERNEATH THE UPPER SURFACE CO2 ICE REFLECTING PAST CLIMATIC CONDITIONS LINKED TO ORBITAL PRECESSION. IN THE CAP INTERIOR SHARAD OBSERVES LARGE LENSES OF SOLID CO2 ICE SEPARATED BY THIN WATER ICE LAYERS SUGGESTING PAST EPISODES OF ATMOSPHERIC COLLAPSE. HERE WE PROPOSE A SYSTEMATIC EXPLORATION OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF ICE AND DUST COMPOSITION AND WILL LINK THOSE RESULTS TO THE STRATIGRAPHY AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE SURFACE UNITS USING CRISM CTX HIRISE MOLA AND HRSC DATA. INITIAL RESULTS SHOW BOTH VARIABLE CO2 ICE GRAIN SIZE IN THOSE UNITS AND WIDELY VARYING ABUNDANCE AND GRAIN SIZE OF WATER ICE AS A CONSTITUENT IN BOTH BRIGHT AND DARK MATERIALS. THE PROPOSED EFFORT WILL LINK THE COMPOSITION TO THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SOUTH POLAR LAYERED DEPOSITS (SPLD) AND SYSTEMATICALLY EXPLORE COMPOSITIONAL VARIABILITY OF THE SURFICIAL CO2 ICE LAYER SUCH AS THE FINGERPRINT PITTED AND MESA TERRAINS AND IN THE FINE SCALE LAYERS EXPOSED IN THE TROUGHS AND MARGINS THAT SAMPLE THE SPLD. RECENTLY DEVELOPED MAPS OF MODEL AGES FOR DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE SURFICIAL CO2 CAP MAY BE EXPECTED TO CORRELATE WITH ICE GRAIN SIZE AND COMPOSITIONAL PROPERTIES DEPENDING UPON THE CURRENT AND PAST DEPOSITIONAL AND EROSIONAL ENVIRONMENTS. THE PROPOSED EFFORT HAS THREE MAIN TASKS: 1) TO GATHER PROCESS AND MAP EXISTING CRISM HYPERSPECTRAL TARGETED AND MULTI-SPECTRAL MAPPING DATA INCLUDING CREATING A BASE MAP FROM MULTI-YEAR COVERAGE IN A NARROW RANGE OF LS VALUES OF THE SOUTHERN RESIDUAL ICE DEPOSITS. 2) SELECT A SUBSET OF TARGETED OBSERVATIONS FOR DETAILED SPECTRAL MODELING. 3) SYNTHESIZE COMPOSITIONAL RESULTS WITH OTHER IMAGERY AND TOPOGRAPHY TO EXPLORE STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE ICE AND NON-ICE UNITS. METHODS WILL FOLLOW THOSE ALREADY ESTABLISHED FOR CRISM. THE PI AND CO-I'S HAVE EXTENSIVE PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE IN ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF CRISM DATA IN THE POLAR REGIONS. WE EXPECT TO USE A COMBINATION OF STANDARD ENVI PROCESSING ROUTINES (INCLUDING THE CRISM ANALYSIS TOOLKIT (CAT) BAND COMBINATIONS AND RATIOS INTENDED TO HIGHLIGHT SURFACE COMPOSITION INCLUDING SEPARATION OF WATER AND CO2 ICE SIGNATURES CUSTOM IDL AND FORTRAN CODE FOR LINEAR SPECTRAL UNMIXING AND DETAILED RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF ICES AND NON-ICE MATERIALS RELEVANT TO THE POLES AND INTEGRATION OF DATA SETS IN GIS-BASED MULTIDIMENSIONAL GEOREGISTERED PRODUCTS.
$484,083FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA
Board Of Regents Of Nevada System Of Higher Education