WHILE MOST EXOPLANET TRANSIT SURVEYS ARE FOCUSED ON COOL DWARFS TRANSITING PLANETS ORBITING EVOLVED STARS ARE LARGELY UNEXPLORED. DUE TO THEIR DIVERSITY IN FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES LOW-LUMINOSITY RED-GIANT BRANCH (LLRGB) STARS ARE IDEAL TARGETS TO TACKLE ONE OF THE OLDEST UNSOLVED QUESTIONS IN EXOPLANET SCIENCE: THE ROLE OF STELLAR INCIDENT FLUX ON THE RADIUS INFLATION OF HOT JUPITERS. OUR TEAM HAS DISCOVERED THE FIRST HOT JUPITERS ORBITING OSCILLATING EVOLVED STARS THAT WERE POTENTIALLY RE-INFLATED BY THE EVOLUTION OF THEIR HOST STARS (K2-97B&K2-132B GRUNBLATT ET AL. 2016 2017) BUT ADDITIONAL DATA AND SYSTEMS ARE REQUIRED TO CONFIRM THIS RESULT. HERE WE PROPOSE TO ANALYZE K2-97 AND SEVERAL OTHER RE-INFLATION PLANET CANDIDATES DETECTED IN EARLIER CAMPAIGNS WHICH IS EXPECTED TO PROVIDE THE FIRST FIRM OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE TO SOLVE THE MYSTERY OF HOT JUPITER INFLATION. OUR TARGETS ARE K2-97 AND PLANET CANDIDATES ORBITING EVOLVED STARS THAT WERE IDENTIFIED BY OUR TEAM IN PREVIOUS CAMPAIGNS. WE WILL USE A COMBINED GAUSSIAN PROCESS MODEL TO FIT STELLAR GRANULATION OSCILLATIONS AND TRANSITS TO DETERMINE ACCURATE TRANSIT PARAMETERS AND HENCE PLANET RADII. SINCE LLRGB STARS OSCILLATE WITH PERIODS ACCESSIBLE WITH LONG-CADENCE DATA WE WILL USE ASTEROSEISMOLOGY TO PRECISELY CHARACTERIZE BOTH THE HOST STARS AND THE DETECTED PLANET. WE WILL ALSO PERFORM HIGH-PRECISION RADIAL VELOCITY OBSERVATIONS USING KECK/HIRES TO MEASURE THE MASSES OF PLANETS. THE PROPOSAL ADDRESSES TWO MAIN K2 SCIENCE GOALS: EXOPLANET DETECTION AND STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS. DUE TO THE LOW NUMBER OF K2 SHORTCADENCE SLOTS OUR SURVEY IS THE ONLY K2 PROGRAM ALLOWING A SYSTEMATIC COMBINATION OF ASTEROSEISMOLOGY AND TRANSITS TO CHARACTERIZE EXOPLANETS. KEPLER WAS NOT OPTIMIZED TOWARDS OBSERVING LLRGB STARS AND HENCE NEW K2 OBSERVATIONS ARE REQUIRED TO ADDRESS THE KEY SCIENCE QUESTIONS OF THIS PROJECT.
$29,991FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA
University Of Hawaii, Honolulu