GGrantIndex
← Search

RECENT GROUND-BREAKING ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN THE MM CONTINUUM HAVE REVEALED AN IMPRESSIVE GALLERY OF RING SUBSTRUCTURES GAPS AND SPIRAL DENSITY WAVES. AXI-SYMMETRIC STRUCTURES CAN BE FORMED VIA THREE DISTINCT MECHANISMS: MAGNETIZED DISK EVOLUTION CONDENSATION FRONTS AT THE SNOW LINES AND DYNAMICAL INTERACTIONS WITH FORMING PLANETS. SPIRAL DENSITY WAVES ON THE OTHER HAND ARE EXPECTED TO BE EXCITED BY PLANET-DISK INTERACTIONS OR BY GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITIES. THE ALMA DETECTED STRUCTURES ARE SHORT LIVED LASTING ONLY FOR THE FIRST FEW MYR BEFORE FADING INTO MUCH MORE TENUOUS DEBRIS DISKS. THIS DRAMATIC EVOLUTION FROM THE PROTOPLANETARY PHASE THROUGH THE TRANSITION DISK PHASE UP TO DEBRIS DISK SETS A COMPLEX STAGE FOR THE FORMATION OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS WHICH IS THOUGHT TO BE GOVERNED BY THE ASSEMBLY AND MIGRATION OF GAS AND ICE GIANTS. HERE WE PROPOSE TO SURVEY A SELECTED SAMPLE OF PROMINENT PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN SEARCH OF NEWBORN GIANT PLANETS THEIR ACCRETION SIGNATURES AND EVIDENCE OF PLANET-DISK INTERACTIONS. FOR THAT WE WILL USE THE MOST POWERFUL TELESCOPE AND INSTRUMENT IN THE WORLD THE KECK II ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEM WHICH HAS BEEN RECENTLY UPGRADED WITH A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF MID-INFRARED (L AND M BANDS; 3-5 M) VORTEX CORONAGRAPHS AND AN INFRARED PYRAMID WAVEFRONT SENSOR. BOTH MODULES GIVE US UNPRECEDENTED SENSITIVITY TO PLANETS IN STAR FORMING REGIONS AND TARGETS USUALLY DEEMED TOO FAINT FOR ADAPTIVE OPTICS STUDIES. FOR THE YOUNGEST TARGETS OUR OBSERVATIONS ARE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO THE THERMAL EMISSION FROM CIRCUMPLANETARY DISKS WHICH IF DETECTED WILL HELP US CHARACTERIZE PLANET ACCRETION IN DETAIL THROUGH MULTICOLOR AND SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS. IN SOME FAVORABLE CASES OUR OBSERVATION WILL REVEAL DISK STRUCTURES IN SCATTERED LIGHT. WHEN COMBINED WITH ALMA IMAGES PLACED IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SED AT OTHER AVAILABLE WAVELENGTHS AND ANALYZED WITH RADIATE TRANSFER CODES SUCH AS MCFOST OUR IMAGES WILL BE A POWERFUL PROBE OF DISK PROPERTIES INCLUDING THEIR 3D GEOMETRY GAINS SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION. OUR SURVEY WILL TEST THE LEADING THEORIES FOR PLANET FORMATION AND SHED LIGHT ON SUBSTRUCTURE FORMATION MECHANISMS.

$551,278FY2020National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA

California Institute Of Technology, Pasadena CA

Investigators

View source on USAspending →