OBJECTIVES: THIS PROJECT WILL UPDATE THE SPICE DATA AND ARCHIVE GEOMETRIC BACKPLANE DATA FOR THE VISIBLE IMAGES (GEOMETRY INFORMATION) OF ALL COMETS (67P 19P 81P 9P AND 103P) IMAGED BY ROSETTA/OSIRIS-NAC DEEP SPACE 1/MICAS-VISCCD STARDUST/NAVCAM AND DEEP IMPACT/ITS/MRI/HRIV. ALONG WITH THESE TWO KINDS OF PRODUCT WE WILL ALSO ADD SUPPORTING MODULES IN ISIS3 TO BETTER SUPPORT THE IMAGE ANALYSES FROM ALL THESE MISSIONS AND PROVIDE THE COMMUNITY WITH ISIS3 SCRIPTS (ARCHIVED IN USGS ASTRO/ISIS3) FOR CALCULATING BACKPLANE DATA (FOR ROSETTA OSIRIS-WAC AND NAVCAM). CURRENTLY NONE OF THE COMET MISSION DATASETS PROVIDE PIXEL-WISE GEOMETRIC BACKPLANE DATA (INCIDENCE ANGLE EMISSION ANGLE PHASE ANGLE AND COMETOCENTRIC COORDINATES). THE CURRENT VERSIONS OF THE EPHEMERIS (SPICE) DATA OF ALL THESE MISSIONS (DEEP SPACE 1 DEEP IMPACT EPOXI STARDUST STARDUST-NEXT AND ROSETTA) DO NOT SUPPORT SUBPIXEL PRECISION REGISTRATION BETWEEN THE SHAPE MODEL AND ALL IMAGES. IN OTHER WORDS SCIENTISTS WHO NEED TO CALCULATE THE OBSERVING AND ILLUMINATION GEOMETRY FOR MODELING AND MAPPING PURPOSES HAVE TO GO THROUGH TEDIOUS AND REDUNDANT PROCESSES. METHODS: WITH OUR IMAGE PROCESSING TOOLS WE WILL REGISTER THE SHAPE MODEL PRECISELY TO ALL IMAGES TO PRODUCE GEOMETRIC BACKPLANES WITH SUBPIXEL SPATIAL PRECISION. WE WILL CALCULATE THE X AND Y OFFSETS AND CENTRAL ROTATION FROM THE SPACECRAFT POSITION AND POINTING AND CORRECT FOR IT BASED ON IMAGE REGISTRATION. FOR THE ROSETTA MISSION WE WILL USE THE RELATIVE OFFSET AND ROTATION WE DERIVED FROM OSIRIS-NAC IMAGES TO UPDATE THE CK KERNELS. FOR OTHER MISSIONS WE WILL USE THE OFFSETS AND ROTATION TO CORRECT THE SPICE DATA (CK AND/OR SPK) FOR SPACECRAFT AND COMET DATA USING BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT PROCESSES. THE BACKPLANE DATA AND UPDATED SPICE DATA WILL BE ARCHIVED TO THE PDS SMALL BODIES NODE (SBN) AND PDS NAIF FOR SCIENTIFIC ANALYSES BY THE BROAD COMMUNITY. SIGNIFICANCE: THE PRECISELY REGISTERED BACKPLANE DATA WILL GREATLY ACCELERATE THE SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS THAT REQUIRES MEASUREMENTS OF GEOMETRY INCLUDING PHOTOMETRY SPECTROSCOPY GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY ETC. THE IMPROVED SPICE KERNELS WILL BE BENEFICIAL FOR ALL SCIENCES THAT REQUIRE ACCURATE LOCATIONS AND POINTINGS OF THE SPACECRAFT SUCH AS MASS (DENSITY) ESTIMATES SHAPE MODEL IMPROVEMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS OF THE ORBIT WOBBLING OF THE COMETS AND CREATION OF CARTOGRAPHIC MAPS. THE ROSETTA DATA ARCHIVE HAS JUST BEEN COMPLETED IN THE PDS AND MANY SCIENTISTS NEED THE GEOMETRY DATA FOR THEIR ANALYSES. WITH THIS WORK WE ARE SAVING THEM THE EFFORTS TO CONFIGURE SPICE RENDER THE HUGE 44 MILLION FACETS SHAPE MODEL AND GO THROUGH A LARGE AMOUNT OF REDUNDANT AND TEDIOUS WORK FOR SPATIAL REGISTRATION. WITH THE RIGHT TEAM AND THE RIGHT TOOL WE ENSURE THE ARCHIVAL OF THE BACKPLANE DATA WITH THE BEST GEOMETRY ACCURACY BASED ON BEST CURRENTLY AVAILABLE SHAPE MODEL AND THE TESTED CONTROLLED REGISTRATION QUALITY (SUB-PIXEL). FOR OTHER PREVIOUS COMET MISSIONS THE ISIS3 SUPPORTS AND UPDATED SPICE WILL HELP THE COMMUNITY WITH ACCESS TO IMPROVED GEOMETRIC DATA AND ENABLE MANY NEW RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES. WE ALSO SUBSTANTIALLY SIMPLIFY THE PROCESS OF REVISITING THE DATASETS FROM HISTORICAL COMETARY MISSIONS. RELEVANCE TO PDART: THE PROPOSED WORK IS RELEVANT TO THE PLANETARY DATA ARCHIVING RESTORATION AND TOOLS (PDART) PROGRAM AS WE WILL RESTORE AND ARCHIVE DATASETS FOR USE BY THE COMMUNITY; WE WILL PRODUCE NEW DATA PRODUCTS TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE PDS THEREBY INCREASING THE AMOUNT AND QUALITY OF DATA PRODUCTS THAT ENHANCE FUTURE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS. THE PROPOSED ARCHIVE HOLDS RELEVANCE FOR ALL THE COMET MISSIONS AS WELL AS A FUTURE COMET MISSION. THE DATASETS WOULD BOOST SCIENCE AND FUTURE PROPOSALS RELATED TO ROSETTA AND OTHER COMET MISSION DATA AND PUSH MORE REVISITING STUDY ON THE HISTORICAL MISSION DATA. PROMPT AVAILABILITY OF THIS DATA MADE POSSIBLE BY THIS PROPOSAL PROVIDES EFFICIENT AND ACCURATE ANALYSIS OF COMET DATA.