EUROPA IS ONE OF THE BEST PLACES IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM TO LOOK FOR EXTANT LIFE. ITS VAST SUBSURFACE OCEAN AND YOUNG SURFACE RICH WITH GEOLOGIC FEATURES IMPLY MATERIAL EXCHANGE WITHIN THE SHELL AND THE POSSIBLE TRANSPORT OF OCEAN MATERIAL TO THE SURFACE BOTH OF WHICH STRONGLY AFFECT EUROPA'S OVERALL HABITABILITY. ALTHOUGH LIQUID WATER WITHIN THE ICE SHELL IS INVOKED BY MANY MODELS OF SURFACE FEATURE FORMATION AND THERE IS A PREPONDERANCE OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY AT THE SURFACE WE STILL DO NOT KNOW HOW AND WHEN LIQUID WATER ENTERS EUROPA'S ICE SHELL OR WHETHER FRACTURES PROVIDE PATHWAYS TO BRING OCEAN WATER TO THE SHALLOW SUBSURFACE. UNDERSTANDING THESE TRANSPORT PROCESSES AND OVERALL ICE SHELL DYNAMICS IS CRITICAL TO INTERPRETING EUROPA'S SURFACE GEOLOGY CHARACTERIZING ITS HABITABILITY AND PLANNING FOR FUTURE EXPLORATION. MUCH OF OUR LACK OF UNDERSTANDING COMES FROM UNCERTAINTY IN EUROPA'S CURRENT INTERIOR STRUCTURE AND HOW THE INTERIOR AND ORBIT HAVE CHANGED WITH TIME ALL OF WHICH AFFECT TIDAL STRESS TIDAL DISSIPATION AND THE GEOPHYSICS OF THE ICE SHELL. FOR EXAMPLE AS EUROPA'S INTERIOR COOLS ITS ICE SHELL FREEZES AND THICKENS GENERATING LARGE EXTENSIONAL STRESSES IN THE UPPER PORTION OF THE ICE SHELL AND PRESSURIZING THE UNDERLYING OCEAN. HENCE COOLING CAN SUPPLY STRESSES THAT COMBINE WITH DIURNAL TIDAL STRESSES TO INITIATE FRACTURES. IT ALSO PROVIDES A MECHANISM FOR DRIVING OCEAN WATER UP INTO THE SHELL THROUGH BASAL FRACTURES. HOWEVER EUROPA'S THERMAL-ORBITAL EVOLUTION HAS LIKELY OSCILLATED BETWEEN EPOCHS OF COOLING AND WARMING. HOW EACH STATE AND THE TRANSITIONS BETWEEN THEM HAVE AFFECTED EUROPA'S GEOLOGIC ACTIVITY HAS NOT BEEN SUFFICIENTLY EXPLORED. WE WILL QUANTIFY HOW EUROPA'S RECENT THERMAL-ORBITAL EVOLUTION HAS AFFECTED ITS SURFACE GEOLOGY FRACTURE FORMATION AND LIQUID WATER TRANSPORT THROUGH THE ICE SHELL OVER TIME. WE MODEL THE THERMAL-ORBITAL EVOLUTION OF EUROPA TRACKING CHANGES IN ICE SHELL THICKNESS VISCOSITY STRUCTURE AND HEAT TRANSPORT AS THE ORBIT EVOLVES. WE THEN CALCULATE STRESSES CAUSED BY TIDES WHICH DEPEND ON ECCENTRICITY OBLIQUITY AND INTERIOR STRUCTURE AND STRESSES INDUCED BY FREEZING OR MELTING OF THE ICE SHELL. FINALLY WE MODEL FRACTURE FORMATION ACROSS EUROPA'S SURFACE THE NUCLEATION AND PROPAGATION OF FAULTS WITHIN THE SHELL AND THE FORMATION OF WATER POCKETS WHEN FAULTS REACH THE OCEAN. THIS WORK WILL BETTER CHARACTERIZE EUROPA'S THERMAL-ORBITAL EVOLUTION AND THE SOURCES OF STRESS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO GEOLOGIC ACTIVITY QUANTIFY HOW DIFFERENT EPOCHS OF TIDAL HEATING PROMOTE OR INHIBIT DIFFERENT TYPES OF GEOLOGIC ACTIVITY AND IDENTIFY POTENTIAL PATHWAYS FOR LIQUID WATER TRANSPORT FROM THE OCEAN TO THE SURFACE. THE GOALS OF OUR PROPOSED WORK ALIGN WITH THOSE OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM WORKINGS PROGRAM TO "BETTER UNDERSTAND THE PROCESSES AND INPUTS THAT CAUSE TECTONIC ACTIVITY" "DETERMINE THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE" AND "UNDERSTAND THE ROLE THAT REGIONAL AND GLOBAL STRESS FIELDS PLAY IN THE FORMATION OF LARGE-SCALE SURFACE FEATURES AND HOW THOSE FEATURES INFORM STUDIES OF GLOBAL STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS" OF EUROPA.