ELECTROMAGNETIC CYCLOTRON WAVES (ECWS) ARE EXTENSIVELY OBSERVED IN THE SOLAR WIND FROM 0.3 TO 1 AU. THEY APPEAR TO BE LEFT-HAND OR RIGHT-HAND POLARIZED IN THE SPACECRAFT FRAME AND PROPAGATE IN DIRECTIONS CLOSE TO THE BACKGROUND MAGNETIC FIELD. ON THE OTHER HAND THE SOLAR WIND IS OFTEN NOT IN EQUILIBRIUM FEATURED WITH THE TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY OF PARTICLES WITH RESPECT TO THE BACKGROUND MAGNETIC FIELD AND RELATIVE DRIFTS AMONG ION COMPONENTS (PROTON CORE PROTON BEAM AND ALPHA PARTICLES).