THE ASYMMETRIC STRUCTURE OF SATURNS E RING REVEALED BY THE CASSINI INSTRUMENTS IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT YET PUZZLING FINDING ABOUT THE LARGE DIFFUSE RING ORIGINATING FROM THE GEOLOGICALLY ACTIVE MOON ENCELADUS. SO FAR NO EXPLANATION EXISTS IN THE PUBLISHED LITERATURE ABOUT HOW A DIFFUSE RING COULD BE SYMMETRIC AND ASYMMETRIC AT THE SAME TIME. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON THE E RING STRUCTURE AND ITS TEMPORAL EVOLUTION. THE PROPOSED WORK INCLUDES THEORETICAL MODELING DATA ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY CALIBRATION TO AID THE DATAANALYSIS. REGARDING THE E RING DYNAMICS THEORY WE DEMONSTRATE THAT THE RING PARTICLES ORBITAL LIBRATION STEMMING FROM THE EXISTING THEORY READILY REPRODUCES SOME OF FEATURES IDENTIFIED IN THE OBSERVATIONS. IN ADDITION TO THIS OVERLOOKED INFORMATION WE ALSO SHOW THAT THERECENTLY DISCOVERED NOON-TO-MIDNIGHT ELECTRIC FIELD LIKELY HAS A SUBSTANTIAL EFFECT ON E RING DYNAMICS. THE PROPOSED THEORETICAL STUDY WILL EXTEND EXISTING SIMULATION CODES WITH AMENDED ELEMENTS TO EXPLORE THE MECHANISM(S) RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ASYMMETRIC STRUCTURE AS WELL AS THE NATURAL IMPLICATIONS E.G. THE LIFETIME OF E RING PARTICLES AND THE ACTIVITY OF ENCELADUS. FOR DATA ANALYSIS WE PROPOSE TO USE EXISTING CDA AND RPWS DATA TO CHARACTERIZE THE E RING STRUCTURE AND ITS TEMPORAL VARIATIONS. THE IN SITU MEASUREMENTS WILL PROVIDE DIRECT CONSTRAINTS ON THE E RING DENSITY AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS TO THE SIMULATIONS TO CHARACTERIZE THE COMPETING EFFECTS. CDA DATA PROVIDE GREAT DETAILS ABOUT THE DAY-NIGHT ASYMMETRY OF THE E RING STRUCTURE SHORTLY AFTER THE EQUINOX (2009-2011) WHEREAS RPWS DATA ALLOW EXTENDING COVERAGE FOR THE ENTIRE CASSINI MISSION (FROM 2005 TO 2015) TO EXPLORE THE TEMPORAL/SEASONAL VARIABILITY. PART OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO PERFORM LABORATORY CALIBRATION MEASUREMENTS TO IMPROVE UPON THE INTERPRETATION OF DUST IMPACT SIGNALS IN THE RPWS DATA. THE MEASUREMENTS WILL BE PERFORMED USING A DUST ACCELERATOR ON AN EXISTING SCALED-DOWN SPACECRAFT/RPWS MODEL WITH DEMONSTRATED FUNCTIONALITY. THE CALIBRATION MEASUREMENTS WILL PROVIDE DETAILS OF SIGNAL PICK-UP MECHANISMS AND THE VARIABILITY OF THE SIGNAL WITH IMPACT LOCATION SPACECRAFT/ANTENNA POTENTIAL AND MODE OF OPERATION (MONOPOLE/DIPOLE). THE CALIBRATION RESULTS WILL BE USED TO REFINE THE ANALYSIS OF RPWS DATA TO ALLOW THE DIRECT COMPARISON OF RPWS DATA AND THE RESULTS OF NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS.
$445,731FY2017National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA
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