MAGMA OCEANS AND MAGMA FLOWS ARE THOUGHT TO OCCUR ON EARLY EARTH VENUS AND THE HOT ROCKY EXOPLANETS. HOWEVER THE H2O AND CO2 SOLUBILITY IN SUPER-LIQUIDUS TEMPERATURE MAFIC (MGO-RICH) MAGMAS HAVE NOT BEEN STUDIED IN DETAIL. WE PROPOSE TO MEASURE THESE SOLUBILITIES AND DETERMINE HOW DISSOLVED H2O AND CO2 WILL CHANGE THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAGMAS. GLENN HAS EXTENSIVE EXPERTISE AND FACILITIES CURRENTLY USED TO STUDY THE INTERACTIONS OF H2O AND CO2 WITH OXIDES FOR AERO APPLICATIONS. A LOGICAL EXTENSION OF THIS FUNDAMENTAL WORK IS TO GEOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND WE WILL WORK WITH ESTABLISHED EXPERTS IN PLANETARY GEOLOGY AT WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS (WUSTL) AND GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER (GSFC). UNIQUE HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACES AT GRC ALLOW CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE EXPOSURE TO CO2 AND H2O CONTAINING ENVIRONMENTS AT TEMPERATURES TO 1700 C AND BEYOND. AFTER SATURATION THE SAMPLES WILL BE ANALYZED FOR DISSOLVED CARBONATE AND HYDROXIDE SPECIES TO GIVE SOLUBILITIES. THE SAMPLES WILL THEN BE CHARACTERIZED TO SHOW HOW DISSOLVED SPECIES CHANGE THE THERMODYNAMIC AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MAGMA. CONCURRENT TO THE MEASUREMENTS PARTNERS AT WUSTL AND GSFC WILL DEVELOP THERMODYNAMIC MODELS TO ALLOW EXTRAPOLATION BEYOND THE MEASUREMENT RANGE. THE MEASUREMENTS AND MODELS ARE VALUABLE TO VOLCANOLOGISTS AND PLANETARY SCIENTISTS. IT DIRECTLY ADDRESSES THE MECHANISM OF EARLY EARTH TO TRANSITION FROM MAGMA OCEANS TO A WET PLANET. IT ALSO ADDRESSES QUESTIONS ON THE ACTIVE VOLCANOES OF VENUS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH THE CO2 ATMOSPHERE.