(1) PRIMARY ISLAND SITES (HAWAIIAN ISLANDS GALAPAGOS ISLANDS PUERTO RICO) WILL BE CHARACTERIZED USING AN ASSEMBLED SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL DATA SET INCLUDING POPULATION CENSUSES TOURISM DATA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ENVIRONMENTAL DATA LOCAL&COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE DATA AND A BLENDED SATELLITE IMAGE STACK POPULATED BY LANDSAT&MODIS IMAGERY BUT ALSO SENTINEL ASTER HYPERION&ADVANCED LAND IMAGER DATA. EXISTING IMAGE ARCHIVES WILL BE CONSULTED FOR ALL AVAILABLE IMAGERY INCLUDING THE USGS GLOBAL VISUALIZATION VIEWER USGS EARTHEXPLORER AND NASA EARTH EXCHANGE WEB PORTALS. THE NOMINAL PERIODS OF STUDY ARE 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010&2015. (2) PUBLISHED INFORMATION WILL BE DISTILLED FROM LCLUC CASE STUDIES FOR PRIMARY&SECONDARY ISLAND SITES (FIJI AZORES CANARY ISLANDS MADAGASCAR SEYCHELLES TAHITI) AND FOR ISLANDS MORE GENERALLY. LCLUC CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES (E.G. USGS NATIONAL LAND COVER DATABASE&NOAA C-CAP PROGRAM) WILL BE EXAMINED AND A SUITE OF LCLUC CLASSES SELECTED THAT BEST REPRESENT ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS PARTICULARLY THOSE THAT SUGGEST A TRANSITION FROM NATURAL TO HUMAN SYSTEMS (E.G. FOREST TO URBAN&BUILT-UP) AND FROM HUMAN TO NATURAL SYSTEMS (E.G. REFORESTATION OF ABANDONED LAND). OUR CLASSIFICATION FOCUS WILL BE ON URBAN&BUILT UP (LOW MEDIUM HIGH INTENSITY) FOREST (DECIDUOUS EVERGREEN MIXED) CULTIVATED CROPS PASTURE AGROFORESTRY GRASSLANDS WETLANDS OPEN WATER BEACHES SHRUB/SCRUB AND BARREN. HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION IMAGERY E.G. WORLDVIEW-2 QUICKBIRD GOOGLE EARTH PRO&GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE IMAGES WILL BE USED FOR CALIBRATION&VALIDATION. USING OUR DEFINED LCLU CLASSES A SUITE OF CHANGE-DETECTIONS WILL BE GENERATED THAT REPRESENT FROM-TO TRANSITIONS WITH A FOCUS ON (1) INTENSIFICATION OF URBAN&BUILT-UP (2) RURAL TO URBAN (3) DEFORESTATION&REFORESTATION (4) AGRICULTURAL EXTENSIFICATION&LAND ABANDONMENT (5) TRANSITIONS AMONG CULTIVATED CROPS PASTURE&AGROFORESTRY AND (6) COASTAL&INTERIOR ISLAND DEVELOPMENT AND THE TRANSITION OF BEACHES WETLANDS FOREST SHRUB/SCRUB AND OPEN WATER. WE WILL ALSO TRACK THE FRAGMENTATION PATTERNS AND CHANGES IN VEGETATION&ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES. FURTHER WE WILL CONSTRUCT LCLUC TRAJECTORIES USING DERIVED SEQUENCES FOCUSING ON THE TIMING MAGNITUDE AND STABILITY/DYNAMISM OF LCLUC RELATIVE TO THE SIX TRANSITIONS LISTED ABOVE. (3) FINDINGS WILL BE SYNTHESIZED BASED MAINLY ON MODELS DEVELOPED FOR THE PRIMARY SITES INFORMED THROUGH STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS THAT LINK VARIABLES AND RATES OF LCLUC DOCUMENTED IN THE LITERATURE. WE WILL DEVELOP A DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MODEL THAT IS SUFFICIENTLY ROBUST AND CAPABLE OF CAPTURING THE MAIN SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL VARIATIONS AND DYNAMICS OF THE DRIVERS OF LCLUC ON THE PRIMARY SITES. WE WILL THEN TEST THE MODEL TO SEE HOW WELL IT REPRESENTS THE VARIATION IN THE PRIMARY SITES INCLUDING PERFORMING SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TO ASSESS MODEL PERFORMANCE. THE DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MODEL WILL ALSO BE TESTED THROUGH WHAT IF SCENARIOS OF CHANGE. (4) WE WILL EXPAND THE DEGREE TO WHICH THE MODEL CAN BE APPLIED IN THE SECONDARY SITES BY COMPILING POPULATION CENSUSES TOURISM DATA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND FUSED SATELLITE ASSETS TO ASSESS LCLUC PATTERNS AND THE DRIVERS OF CHANGE. WE WILL SECURE ARCHIVAL SATELLITE IMAGE DATA AS DONE FOR OUR PRIMARY SITES. WE WILL APPLY THE DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MODEL TO THE SECONDARY SITES WITH NECESSARY MODIFICATIONS AND TEST MODEL PERFORMANCE USING SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS. (5) AS FURTHER DEMONSTRATION OF THE GENERALIZABILITY OF OUR DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MODEL WE WILL DEVELOP AND TEST OUR MODELS USING MODIS IMAGERY AND GLOBALLY AVAILABLE&GRIDDED POPULATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA MAINTAINED BY (A) CIESEN COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY THE GRUMP DATABASES (B) LANDSCAN GLOBAL DATA SET OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (C) GLOBAL DATA SETS INCLUDING THE PACIFIC CLIMATE INFORMATION SYSTEM NASA S EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM DATA&INFORMATION SYSTEM NOAA S COASTAL CHANGE ANALYSIS PROGRAM.