THE ELECTRICAL HYDROGEN SENSOR TECHNOLOGY WITH A SUB-MINUTE RESPONSE TIME AND A PART-PER-BILLION DETECTION LIMIT FOR HYDROGEN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROPOSAL AIMS TO UNDERSTAND AND BUILD TRANSFORMATIONAL AND INNOVATIVE HIGH-PERFORMANCE H2 SENSORS USING ADVANCED ELECTRICAL SENSING TECHNOLOGIES, NOVEL SENSING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES, HIGHLY SELECTIVE FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERIC MEMBRANES, INNOVATIVE NANOFABRICATION TECHNIQUES, OPTIMAL SENSOR ELECTRONIC INTEGRATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES, AND ADVANCED INDOOR AND OUTDOOR TESTING. THE SENSORS ARE EXPECTED TO ACHIEVE <10 ± 0.5 PPB SENSITIVITY OR LIMIT OF DETECTION (LOD), RESPONSE TIME T90 OF < 30 S AND RECOVERY TIME T10 OF < 60 S AT <600 PPB, EXCELLENT SELECTIVITY TO HYDROCARBONS AND OTHER INTERFERENCE GASES, OPERATION IN A WIDE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT RANGE (AT LEAST -30°C TO 80°C), AND RESISTANCE TO MOISTURE AND WEATHER ELEMENTS (TABLE 1). THE DATA TAKEN BY SUCH HIGH-PERFORMANCE SENSORS WOULD BE INTEGRATED TO MONITOR THE H2 CONCENTRATION IN THE ATMOSPHERE. IN ADDITION, IF AN ARRAY OF THESE LOW-COST SENSORS IS USED IN THE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM, ITS DATA WOULD BE FED INTO GAUSSIAN PLUME MODELS OR PROBABILISTIC MODELS TO PROMPTLY QUANTIFY THE ACCUMULATED H2 LEAKAGE IN H2 USE/TRANSPORT INDUSTRIES.