Dynamics of Aeolian Processes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Nevada System Of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute, Reno NV

Investigators

Abstract

This project characterizes wind-driven sediment transport in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica during both winter and summer periods. Wind is the primary sculptor of terrain in this region and winter measurements, which have never been undertaken, are essential for determining the frequency and magnitude of transport events. The projects goal is to determine if the existing landforms represent relics from past climate regimes or contemporary processes. The project involves two major activities: (1) dynamic and time-integrated measurements of sand transport to characterize the seasonal behavior, frequency, and magnitude at four sites and (2) detailed surveying of an unusual wind-formed surface feature, the gravel megaripples found in the Wright Valley. In addition to interpreting Dry Valleys geomorphology, these data will provide a more quantitative assessment of wind-aided distribution of nutrients, plants, and animals to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems throughout the Dry Valleys. This research will also provide quantitative information on the effects of extreme cold and low humidity on transport thresholds and rates, which can be applied to cold desert environments of the Arctic, Antarctic, and Mars.