National Biomedical Information Services

National Library Of Medicine

Investigators

Linked publications, trials & patents

Abstract

NLM National Biomedical Information Services expanded and enhanced access to data, information, and tools to accelerate biomedical research and public health, and placed its users at the center of its efforts to collect, curate, and connect data and information. In FY2022, NLM: Provided access to biomedical literature Added 1.5 million citations to PubMed, now with 34+ million citations to biomedical journal articles. Expanded LitCOVID, which provides enhanced access to 280,000+ SARS-CoV-2 articles in PubMed. Indexed 1.6+ million MEDLINE citations with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Reduced indexing time from an average of 80 days to 24 hours via a new automated natural language indexing process developed at NLM. Added 950,000 articles to PubMed Central (PMC), which provides free public access to 8.3 million full text journal articles, 4 million+ of which are downloadable in machine-readable forms supporting automated analysis. Provided immediate access to 250,000+ coronavirus articles in machine readable formats articles via PMC Public Health Emergency COVID-19 Collection. Made 4.6 million articles in the PMC Open Access Subset dataset freely available at scale in the cloud. Provided interlibrary loan access for over 50,000 requests. Expanded the NIH Preprint Pilot, now providing access to the full text of 3,400+ preprints from NIH-funded COVID-19 research. Expanded and maintained other digital collections: added 4,800+ web resources documenting the COVID-19 pandemic to its collection (now 14,900+ resources), including websites for federal, state, and local governments, aid organizations and NGOs, prevention measures, and vaccines; conserved books, papers, prints/photographs, and audiovisuals recordings. Provided trusted molecular biology and public health information Registered 38,000 new clinical research studies and added 4,000+ new results summaries to ClinicalTrials.gov, now with 429,000 studies and 56,000 results summaries, including 8,000+ COVID-19 related studies. Continued ClinicalTrials.gov modernization: enhanced technical infrastructure, engaged stakeholders, and provided frequent beta releases for public review and comment. Added 236 million genetic sequences including 4.8+ million SARS-CoV-2 genome records to GenBank (database of all publicly available DNA sequences). Added 35.8 million records to RefSeq (database of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein data), which generates comprehensive human genome annotation results. Added 460,000+ annotated human genome sequence variants to ClinVar, which reports on relationships among human genome variations and human phenotypes. Provided 20+ million SRA data records (60 petabytes of genetic sequence data) on 2 commercial cloud providers in 2 formats, including a post-processed version available through the AWS Open Data Program (AWS ODP). These data included the COVID-19 Genome Sequence Dataset, providing free cloud-based access to SARS-CoV-2 SRA data, as well as controlled access to genome sequence data derived from human research studies. Supported the SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing for Public Health Emergency Response, Epidemiology and Surveillance (SPHERES) consortium efforts to provide publicly accessible SARS-CoV-2 sequence data in GenBank and SRA. Improved SARS-CoV-2 data submission and validation processes to SARS-CoV-2 virus resource and updated graphic interfaces for viral lineage data retrieval. Supported SPHERES consortium response to Monkeypox outbreak by leading creation of a reference genome sequence as a template for genome sequence submissions. Developed processes and infrastructure to monitor and evaluate emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants as part of FNIH ACTIV TRACE and standardized, gathered, and shared variant sequencing data. Refined data processing and analysis methods to support tracking frequency of SARS-CoV-2 sequence mutations and variants using different viral genome sequencing technologies and predict their impact on vaccine and biologic early interventions. Provided results of this standardized analysis in a sequence format that supports findability of individual samples and large-scale analysis across the entire dataset. Continued development of the NIH Comparative Genomics Resource to facilitate comparative genomics analyses for eukaryotic organisms through an ecosystem of NLM repositories and community-created knowledgebases offering integrated cloud-ready data, tools, and interfaces compatible with community-provided organism resources. Developed a community engagement strategy, engaged with stakeholders, and released tools to improve the quality of genomic data submitted to GenBank which can be used for comparative analyses, to find and download genomic data, and to visualize and identify sequences. Processed genome sequence data for 256,000+ samples via the Pathogen Detection pipeline to identify sources of human illnesses such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria. Provided real-time U.S. foodborne pathogen surveillance used by FDA to support 800+ actions, thus reducing consumer risk of foodborne illness. Provided access to antimicrobial resistance information for 1,151,000+ pathogens via AMRFinderPlus. Supported development and use of health data standards Updated terminology resources: expanded the SNOMED International Edition with 6,614 concepts and the U.S. Extension with 188 concepts, including concepts to capture COVID-19 test data requested by CDC; added 1,633 codes to LOINC; and expanded the RxNorm drug terminology to include investigational COVID-19 related drugs. Coordinated clinical data standards for HHS and provided resources for facilitating interoperability of clinical health data and attestation of federal electronic health record interoperability requirements. MeSH added 260 new and edited 1,000 existing descriptors to better reflect research on social determinants of health; align minority group terms with OMB standards for race/ethnicity; and added 70+ Supplementary Chemical Records for monkeypox, SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19 detection and treatment. Enhanced the Common Data Element (CDE) Repository to facilitate COVID-19 data services; added 125+ CDEs from the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics program to the NIH-Endorsed CDEs for COVID-19 research; and processed 5 COVID-19 related provisional files for inclusion in the Value Set Authority Center (VSAC) and the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). Provided information to help management of health care Expanded DailyMed (drug labeling information) for 143,000+ drugs and LactMed (1,600+ drugs, dietary supplements, and diagnostic agents). Added 9,600+ items to ChemIDplus, including 160+ drugs related to COVID-19. Added 430,000+ medical devices to AccessGUDID. Enhanced human genetics topics in MedlinePlus (trusted consumer information on health conditions, medical tests, drugs, and supplements in English and Spanish). Responded to 153+ million electronic requests from health IT systems via MedlinePlus Connect. Enhanced public engagement and creation of diverse workforce Supported minority-serving institution (MSI) libraries knowledge and use of the All of Us Researcher Workbench. Provided training on use of R and Python programming languages for All of Us data via the Library Ambassador Program. Improved public awareness of NLM resources via: 30+ online exhibitions (600,000 visitors), including 4 new exhibitions; linking to 1400+ pages of digitized collection materials and a virtual lecture on race and African American health; hosting 2 Michael E. DeBakey Fellows in the History of Medicine to conduct research using NLM historical collections; hosting the Ada Lovelace Computational Health lecture highlighting computational innovation efforts to biomedical research; and hosting eight History Talks lectures pr