Enhanced cAMP Signaling Effects on Hippocampal Oscillations and Memory
University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor MI
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Abstract
Project Summary Sleep deprivation is a chronic and widespread hallmark of life in modern America. One of the strongest and most costly effects of sleep deprivation is its effect on memory. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that sleep promotes the formation and stabilization of memories through changes in the synapses of individual neurons mediated by cyclic adenosine 3?, 5? monophosphate (cAMP) protein signaling (a process known as ?cellular memory consolidation?), and through changes in the oscillatory activities of neuronal circuits during which other brain regions synchronize with the hippocampus (a process known as systems memory consolidation). When animals are deprived of sleep, they show both an impaired ability to form new memories and a reduction in cAMP-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. However, the causal link between cellular and systems consolidation of memory remains unknown. Recently, Havekes, Abel, and colleagues developed a viral vector which introduces a Gs-coupled Drosophila octopamine receptor to increase cAMP levels in excitatory neurons in specific regions of the brain (1). By infusing this vector into the hippocampus of mice and activating it with octopamine injections during sleep deprivation, Havekes et al were able to prevent the usual effects of sleep deprivation on both synaptic plasticity and object location memory, a task which is known to depend on the hippocampus and on sleep after learning. In this proposal, we aim to combine this novel chemogenetic manipulation for enhancing neuronal cAMP signaling with large-scale extracellular recordings from the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats during training, sleep deprivation, recovery sleep, and memory retrieval. We will detect and measure the network oscillations which have been implicated in systems memory consolidation during sleep as well as waking rest, including hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, sleep spindles, cortical slow-wave activity, and theta oscillations. Based on our own and others? previous work, we hypothesize that sharp-wave ripples are the most important mechanism for the consolidation of memories, and that enhanced cAMP signaling will specifically increase the rate and replay content of these events during both sleep and waking rest. These experiments will be critically valuable for scientists working to explain how molecular changes in the sleeping brain translate into changes in the behavior of neurons which consolidate memories, and for researchers developing pharmacological interventions to overcome the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation in humans.
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