Open chromatin and transcriptional regulation of dermal myofibroblasts in SSc
University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
Investigators
Linked publications & trials
Abstract
The leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the fibrotic complication, interstitial lung disease (ILD), but skin fibrosis is a leading cause for morbidity resulting in disfiguring, painful and itchy skin, and joint contractures. The emergence and expansion of myofibroblasts as the main profibrotic cell underlies the pathogenesis of both SSc skin and ILD. Although much is understood about myofibroblast biology in vitro and in murine models of fibrosis, the cell source and molecular signals driving myofibroblast differentiation in SSc remain obscure. We have recently identified SSc dermal myofibroblasts, SFRP2-?expressing myofibroblast progenitors and the associated altered transcriptome by single cell RNA-?sequencing (scRNA-?seq). In order to understand the underlying drivers of myofibroblast differentiation we will examine the epigenetic and transcriptional control of genes regulated in SSc skin myofibroblasts. We have analyzed our scRNA-?seq transcriptome data using SCENIC, a computational method developed for detecting transcription factor (TF)-?associated regulatory networks (regulons). In scRNA-?seq analysis of SSc myofibroblasts, we saw upregulated regulons associated with the TFs: FOXP1, NPDC1, IRF7, ZEB1, HSF1 and FOSL2. In the first aim of the R61 phase we will test the role of predicted TFs in regulating myofibroblast transcriptome in dermal fibroblasts. Primary fibroblast cultures from SSc and healthy skin biopsies will be transfected with dCas9-?CRISPRa or dCas9-?CRISPRi and single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting FOXP1, NPDC1, IRF7, ZEB1, HSF1 or FOSL2, or SMAD2 or SMAD3 as positive controls for the canonical TGF? regulated pathway. Cells will then be analyzed by scRNA-?seq, cDNA libraries prepared, sequenced, and analyzed for alterations in gene expression (PERTURB-?seq). Gene expression by TF-?perturbed cells will be compared to unperturbed cells of the same SFRP2+ fibroblast phenotype. Recent technological advances have also provided methodology for single cell Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin by Sequencing (scATAC-?seq) permitting assessment of epigenetic changes in DNA that reflect regions of TF binding to DNA. In the second aim of the R61 phase we will analyze open chromatin in cells from skin biopsies from healthy and SSc patients by scATAC-?seq. Peaks of open chromatin in myofibroblasts will be identified and compared to open chromatin in myofibroblast progenitor, SFRP2-?expressing fibroblasts. We will focus on analyzing chromatin remodeling of genes, such as SFRP4 and WIF1 that show altered expression by SSc myofibroblasts. We will correlate predicted TF binding sites in open chromatin with TF regulation of myofibroblast associated genes identified in aim 1. In the R33 phase we will confirm the results in the R61 phase by overexpressing TFs shown to regulate myofibroblast genes, singly or in combination, and analyzing the effects on chromatin remodeling, and on myofibroblast differentiation.
View original record on NIH RePORTER →