Co-culture of probiotic bacteria for growth factor delivery in minigut organoids
Iowa State University, Ames IA
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Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY Interactions between gut bacteria and intestinal cells have been implicated in many human diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes,metabolic syndrome, and many more. Currently, gnotobiotic animal models are the gold standard for testing and understanding these interactions, but animal experiments are costly and gnotibiotic colonies require large amounts of resources. We propose that cultured intestinal organoids or miniguts can be used as an intermediate environment in whichbacteria can be cultured and the effect of bacterial culture and secretion on mammalian gene expression can be monitored at relatively shorter times and lower costs. Our approach is to co-culture engineered probiotic bacteria to accurately monitor and actively influence the development of intestinal epithelial cells in 3D culture. We propose to develop this technology via the following Specific Aims: Aim 1: Establish real-time phenotypic characterization of cell differentiation in miniguts by engineered whole-cell biosensors. We will develop whole cell biosensors for intestinal secretions such as chloride and serotonin using engineered probiotic E. coli bacteria. The rationale behind this aim is that secretion of these molecules is an indication of proper differentiation of intestinal stem cells into distinct cell types. The biosensor with fluorescent output will operate in real-time which will allow dynamic visualization of secretion phenotypes by fluorescence microscopy. Aim 2: Alter minigut growth by secretion of small molecules and growth factors from commensal bacteria. We will engineer probiotic bacteria to deliver molecules that negatively and positively influence the proliferation of stem cells in 3D culture. The rationale of this aim is that secretion of butyrate, a key metabolite, is naturally microbially-driven in the gut and the effect of microbial butyrate production on gut cells is profound. In addition, we wish to study positive regulation of growth by bacterial secretion the growth factor R-spondin-1 in the minigut lumen. Taken together, successful implementation of these aims will develop a robust co-culture platform for the optimization of 3D organoid cultures and the study of host-microbe interactions.
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