Cell polarity signaling in lifespan control
Ohio State University, Columbus OH
Investigators
Linked publications & trials
Abstract
Project Summary Aging is a complex process that involves numerous physiological and morphological changes. Although aging in multicellular organisms is inevitably more complex, the basic mechanisms of cellular aging appear to be conserved across organisms ranging from the single-celled yeast to mammals. Cell asymmetry and polarity are critical for cell proliferation and development, and the loss of cell polarity and asymmetry has been implicated in cellular aging. However, the causes of cellular aging remain poorly understood. Cdc42, an evolutionally conserved Rho GTPase, is one of the key regulators of cell polarity in diverse species including yeast and humans. While the mechanism underlying Cdc42 polarization has been extensively investigated for its roles in the establishment of cell polarity, the functional significance of the Cdc42 signaling in aging has not been addressed. Here, we will use our expertise in the small GTPase field to understand the spatial and temporal regulation of Cdc42 signaling during aging process. In this proposal, we will test an unexplored concept that the intrinsic genetic program of cell polarity and morphogenesis is linked to control of cellular lifespan using the tractable budding yeast as a model. Specifically, we will explore how changes of positive and negative regulation of Cdc42 during repeated cell divisions limit replicative lifespan by combining methods in genetics and live-cell imaging in a microfluidic device. We will also use mathematical modeling to predict underlying mechanisms leading to loss of Cdc42 polarization and thus limiting the cell division. The outcomes of this work will lay the foundation for identifying a mechanism underlying cellular aging that will be also applicable to other eukaryotes. Knowledge gained from this study will ultimately be translatable to identifying candidate genes and processes in humans that are similarly affected by aging.
View original record on NIH RePORTER →