Feasibility of nurse-led substance use interventions in alternative schools
University Of Texas At Austin, Austin TX
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Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand current practices of school nurses in alternative high schools and how we can tap in to their expertise for nurse-led, evidence-based interventions to reduce substance use and HIV risk behaviors in this setting. Adolescent substance use is a public health epidemic and youth who are at high risk for involvement warrant particular attention. Alternative high schools serve a growing population of students who are at risk for dropping out of school. These students have higher levels of substance use and interrelated HIV risk behaviors than their peers in mainstream high schools. Yet alternative high schools are often inadequately resourced to meet student health needs and are largely neglected as a venue for targeting adolescents who are at greatest risk for substance use and HIV risk behavior. School nurses are well-qualified to address these sensitive health topics without placing additional burdens on teachers or other school staff to implement interventions. However, their role in addressing substance use and HIV risk behavior in this setting has not been examined to date. In this study, we will conduct a statewide survey with nurses working in Texas alternative high schools, followed by key informant interviews to achieve the following aims: (1) describe the landscape of school nursing practice in alternative high schools, and (2) explore the feasibility of implementing evidence-based, nurse-led interventions to address substance use and HIV risk behavior in the AHS setting. Our survey and key informant interviews will elicit information about: (1) current staffing models, (2) current practices related to substance use and HIV risk behavior, (3) attitudes, comfort, and interest toward addressing substance use and HIV risk behaviors and leading evidence-based interventions, and (4) barriers to addressing substance use and HIV risk behavior and ideas for overcoming those barriers. Convenience sampling will be used to recruit survey participants from a list of every alternative high school in Texas (n = 957);? purposive maximum variation sampling will be used to recruit key informant interview participants. Quantitative results will be analyzed using descriptive statistics (e.g., means, frequencies, percentages), with group comparisons being made where appropriate (e.g., type of alternative school, staffing model). Qualitative results will be analyzed using conventional content analysis;? the PI and a graduate research assistant will independently code data and meet to compare and refine codes for inter-rater reliability. Quantitative and qualitative findings will be integrated after analyses are complete for the purpose of triangulation. Findings from this study will be leveraged to achieve our long-term objective: to develop future evidence-based, nurse-led interventions to address substance use and HIV risk behavior in the alternative high school setting.
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